CBSE CLASS 10th Science Syllabus 2026 – Subject-Wise Topics

EaseToLearn is providing an Guided Learning for your CBSE Class 10 Science Examination 2026–27. Get the latest updated CBSE Class 10 Science Sample Papers and CBSE Class 10 Science Study Material. Sign up for the EaseToLearn CBSE Class 10 Science Course to access the Latest CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026.

Easetolearn will cover and provide you with an updated syllabus of the CBSE Class 10 Science 2026 Exam which covers topics- important topicsChemistry, Biology and Physics, including Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, Life Processes, Reproduction, Heredity, Light, Electricity, Magnetic Effects of Current and Our Environment. My Study Room of Easetolearn will provide you Adaptive Learning which includes Topic-Wise Assessments, Study material & 24/7 AI Learning Buddy on these CBSE Class 10 Science Exam syllabus topics.

To Join the Online CBSE Class 10 Science Sample Paper Test Series 2026: Click Here

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) prescribes the Class 10 Science syllabus to develop students' scientific knowledge, practical skills, analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities. The curriculum covers chemical substances, living organisms, natural phenomena, electricity and natural resources.

The CBSE Class 10 Science examination for the 2026–27 academic session carries 80 marks for theory and 20 marks for internal assessment, making a total of 100 marks. Students should follow the official CBSE curriculum and their school's instructions when preparing for the board examination.

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus Overview 2026

The Science syllabus is divided into five units covering Chemistry, Biology, Physics and environmental science. Students are assessed through theoretical questions, practical activities and internal assessment.

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026–27: Unit-Wise Marks Distribution

CBSE Class 10 ScienceChapter-Wise TopicsSyllabus 2026

Unit I: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour

Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations

• Chemical reactions and chemical equations

• Writing and balancing chemical equations

• Combination and decomposition reactions

• Displacement and double displacement reactions

• Precipitation reactions

• Exothermic and endothermic reactions

• Oxidation and reduction

Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts

• Properties and identification of acids and bases

• Indicators and their uses

• Chemical properties of acids and bases

• Reactions with metals and metal carbonates

• Neutralisation reactions

• The pH scale and its importance in everyday life

• Preparation, properties and uses of sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda and plaster of Paris

Chapter 3: Metals and Non-Metals

• Physical and chemical properties of metals and non-metals

• Reactions of metals with oxygen, water and acids

• Reactivity series of metals

• Formation and properties of ionic compounds

• Basic principles of metallurgy

• Extraction of metals based on their reactivity

• Corrosion and its prevention

Chapter 4: Carbon and Its Compounds

• Covalent bonding and properties of covalent compounds

• Versatile nature of carbon

• Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons

• Homologous series

• Nomenclature of carbon compounds

• Functional groups, including halogens, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones

• Chemical properties of carbon compounds: combustion, oxidation, addition and substitution

• Properties and uses of ethanol and ethanoic acid

• Soaps and detergents

Additional topic: Periodic Classification of Elements

The curriculum includes Döbereiner's Triads, Newlands' Law of Octaves, Mendeleev's Periodic Table and the Modern Periodic Table. However, this topic is designated for formative assessment and is not assessed in the year-end examination under the 2026–27 curriculum.

Unit II: World of Living

Chapter 5: Life Processes

• Basic concepts of life processes

• Nutrition in plants and animals

• Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition

• Human digestive system

• Respiration in plants and animals

• Human respiratory system

• Transportation in humans and plants

• Human circulatory system and blood circulation

• Excretion in humans and plants

Chapter 6: Control and Coordination in Animals and Plants

• Tropic movements in plants

• Plant hormones and their functions

• Human nervous system

• Voluntary, involuntary and reflex actions

• Coordination through the nervous system

• Chemical coordination in animals

• Animal hormones and their functions

Chapter 7: Reproduction

• Reproduction in plants and animals

• Asexual reproduction and its types

• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants

• Reproductive systems and reproduction in humans

• Reproductive health

• Need and methods of family planning

• Safe sex and HIV/AIDS awareness

• Childbearing and women's health

Chapter 8: Heredity

• Heredity and inheritance of traits

• Mendel's contribution to the study of inheritance

• Laws of inheritance

• Dominant and recessive traits

• Inheritance patterns

• Sex determination in humans

Important: The official 2026–27 curriculum specifies that Heredity and Evolution is not assessed in the year-end examination. Heredity topics are included in the curriculum, while Evolution is designated for formative learning rather than summative assessment.

Unit III: Natural Phenomena

Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction

• Reflection of light by curved surfaces

• Spherical mirrors: concave and convex

• Image formation by spherical mirrors

• Centre of curvature, principal axis, principal focus and focal length

• Mirror formula and magnification

• Applications of spherical mirrors

• Refraction of light and its laws

• Refractive index

• Refraction through spherical lenses

• Image formation by convex and concave lenses

• Lens formula and magnification

• Power of a lens and its applications

Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World

• Structure and functioning of the human eye

• Accommodation of the eye

• Defects of vision and their correction

• Refraction of light through a prism

• Dispersion of white light

• Scattering of light

• Applications of optical phenomena in everyday life

Unit IV: Effects of Current

Chapter 11: Electricity

• Electric current and electric potential difference

• Ohm's law

• Resistance and resistivity

• Factors affecting the resistance of a conductor

• Series and parallel combinations of resistors

• Applications of electrical circuits

• Heating effect of electric current

• Electric power

• Relationships among power, voltage, current and resistance

Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Current

• Magnetic fields and magnetic field lines

• Magnetic field due to a current-carrying conductor

• Magnetic field due to a current-carrying coil and solenoid

• Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field

• Fleming's Left-Hand Rule

• Direct current and alternating current

• Frequency of alternating current

• Advantages of AC over DC

• Domestic electric circuits

Important: Electric Effects of Current is designated for formative assessment and is not assessed in the year-end examination. Students should follow their school's instructions regarding the prescribed learning activities and portfolio work.

Unit V: Natural Resources

Chapter 13: Our Environment

• Ecosystems and their components

• Biotic and abiotic components

• Environmental problems

• Ozone layer depletion

• Waste generation and its management

• Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances

• Environmental protection and sustainable practices

CBSE Class 10 Science Practical Syllabus 2026

Practical activities help students connect scientific concepts with observations and experiments. Important practical areas prescribed in the curriculum include:

Chemistry Practicals

• Performing and classifying combination, decomposition, displacement and double displacement reactions.

• Studying the action of water on quicklime.

• Observing the effect of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals.

• Studying the reaction of iron nails with copper sulphate solution.

• Observing the reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions.

• Determining the pH of selected solutions using pH paper or a universal indicator.

• Studying the reactions of acids and bases with indicators, zinc and sodium carbonate.

• Comparing the reactivity of zinc, iron, copper and aluminium using salt solutions.

• Studying the properties of ethanoic acid.

• Comparing the cleaning capacity of soap in soft and hard water.

Biology Practicals

• Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to observe stomata.

• Demonstrating that carbon dioxide is released during respiration.

• Studying binary fission in Amoeba and budding in yeast and Hydra using prepared slides.

• Identifying the parts of a dicot seed embryo.

Physics Practicals

• Determining the focal length of a concave mirror.

• Determining the focal length of a convex lens using a distant object.

• Tracing the path of light through a rectangular glass slab.

• Tracing the path of light through a glass prism.

• Studying the relationship between potential difference and current across a resistor.

• Plotting a voltage-current graph and determining resistance.

• Determining the equivalent resistance of two resistors connected in series and parallel.

Students should refer to the official CBSE curriculum and the laboratory manual prescribed by their school for the complete practical requirements.

CBSE Class 10 Science Assessment Pattern 2026

The CBSE Class 10 Science assessment consists of an annual theory examination and internal assessment.

The theory examination is conducted for three hours. The question paper assesses conceptual understanding, application of scientific knowledge, analytical thinking and problem-solving skills.

The curriculum's theory question-paper design allocates approximately 50% to knowledge and understanding, 30% to application of concepts, and 20% to analysing, evaluating, formulating and creating. Questions may include objective-type, assertion-reasoning, short-answer, long-answer, case-based and integrated assessment formats.

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026–27: FAQs

1. Where can students download the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus for 2026–27?

Students can visit the official CBSE Academic website and select Class X Science.

2. How many marks are allotted to CBSE Class 10 Science?

The theory examination carries 80 marks and internal assessment carries 20 marks, making a total of 100 marks.

3. What are the main units in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus?

The five units are Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour, World of Living, Natural Phenomena, Effects of Current and Natural Resources.

4. Is practical work compulsory in CBSE Class 10 Science?

Practical work is an important component of Science internal assessment. Students should complete the activities prescribed by CBSE and their school.

5. Which chapters should students study for the Class 10 Science board examination?

Students should prepare all topics prescribed for the year-end examination, including Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, Carbon and Its Compounds, Life Processes, Reproduction, Light, Electricity and Our Environment. They should also check the official list of topics excluded from summative assessment.

6. Is Periodic Classification of Elements included in the 2026–27 syllabus?

Yes. It is included for formative assessment and learning activities but is not assessed in the year-end examination under the 2026–27 curriculum.

7. Is Heredity and Evolution included in the Class 10 Science board examination?

Heredity is included in the curriculum, but Heredity and Evolution is listed among the topics not assessed in the year-end examination. Students should follow their school's formative assessment instructions.

8. Which books should students use to prepare for CBSE Class 10 Science?

Students should begin with the prescribed NCERT Science textbook and use the NCERT laboratory manual, Class 10 Exemplar Problems and the relevant CBSE reading material for additional practice.

9. What is the duration of the CBSE Class 10 Science theory examination?

The theory examination is three hours long and carries 80 marks.

10. How can EaseToLearn help students prepare for CBSE Class 10 Science?

EaseToLearn offers Guided Learning, topic-wise assessments, study material, sample papers and AI-supported learning to help students strengthen concepts and practise for the board examination.