CURRENT AFFAIRS AUGUST 2025

1^st August 2025

Day: Friday

📌 National News

• Headline: Supreme Court directs expedited action on Telangana MLA disqualifications
  • Summary: In Padi Kaushik Reddy v. State of Telangana, the Supreme Court criticized the Speaker’s delay in deciding disqualification petitions of 10 MLAs and set a three-month deadline.
  • Significance/Impact: Reinforces accountability and expediency in disqualification cases; recommends revisiting constitutional provisions for impartial handling.

🌐 International News

• Headline: Indo-Burma Ramsar Regional Initiative (IBRRI) holds side event at COP15
  • Summary: IBRRI hosted a side event during Ramsar COP15, discussing regional collaboration for wetland restoration and protection.
  • Implications for India or the world: Enhances transboundary cooperation and India's role in wetland conservation and biodiversity efforts in Southeast Asia.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: ₹6,520 crore outlay approved for PM Kisan Sampada Yojana (2021–26)
  • Key data/policies: Includes ₹1,000 crore for food irradiation units and support for 100 NABL-accredited food testing labs under ICCVAI and FSQAI components.
  • Analysis: Aims to enhance food safety infrastructure, increase value addition, and attract investment in food processing.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: Discovery of rare blood group ‘CRIB’
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: A globally unique blood group variant discovered in Bengaluru under the Cromer system.
  • Why it matters: Vital for safe blood transfusion and emergency care; significant advancement in hematology.
• Topic: Gut-brain communication via flagellin
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Gut neuropods detect flagellin and send appetite-related signals to the brain via the vagus nerve.
  • Why it matters: May lead to breakthroughs in treating obesity, anxiety, and digestive disorders.
• Topic: Frigate ‘Himgiri’ inducted under Project 17A
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Advanced guided-missile frigate with stealth technology and modern naval weaponry delivered to Indian Navy.
  • Why it matters: Strengthens India’s blue-water navy and maritime defense capabilities.
• Topic: Darwin Tree of Life (DTOL) genome sequencing project
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: UK-led effort to sequence 70,000 eukaryotic species; Phase I nearing completion.
  • Why it matters: Global push toward biodiversity conservation and understanding of species evolution.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: Grant-in-Aid to National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC)
  • Launched by: Union Cabinet
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Central Sector Scheme to provide long-term and working capital loans to cooperatives for project expansion, modernization, and liquidity support.
• Name of scheme/policy/report: National Green Hydrogen Mission
  • Launched by: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Target of 5 MMT annual green hydrogen production by 2030; incentivizes electrolyser manufacturing and promotes clean energy.
• Name of scheme/policy/report: White Paper on Blue Economy
  • Launched by: Government of India
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Roadmap to 2035 for unlocking marine potential; suggests investment reforms, blue bonds, and improved coordination.

📚 Important Days & Events

• Date: 01-08-2025
  • Day/Event: 500th Birth Anniversary of Goswami Tulsidas
  • Additional Information: Tulsidas was a medieval saint-poet who authored Ramcharitmanas in Awadhi, making the story of Lord Ram accessible to the masses.

🔍 Miscellaneous

• Topic: Starlink licensed to provide satellite internet in India
  • Details: SpaceX’s Starlink has received approval to launch broadband services in India via low earth orbit satellites.
  • Significance: Enhances connectivity in remote areas, aids disaster relief, and supports strategic communication.
• Topic: ABHA ID to be linked with patient registration
  • Details: The National Medical Commission has mandated medical institutions to register all patients using a 14-digit ABHA ID.
  • Significance: Facilitates the creation of a national digital health ecosystem under Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission.

2^nd August 2025

Day: Saturday

📌 National News

• Headline: Supreme Court upholds Himachal Pradesh notification banning construction in Green Areas
  • Summary: The Supreme Court emphasized that revenue generation should not come at the cost of ecology, upholding a state ban on private construction in declared green zones.
  • Significance/Impact: Reinforces ecological justice, calls for stricter environmental monitoring, and urges sustainable infrastructure development in fragile Himalayan regions.

🌐 International News

• Headline: UNCTAD's Global Trade Update calls for reforms to curb plastic pollution
  • Summary: The report emphasizes global trade's contribution to plastic pollution and the need for international agreements like the Paris Accord for plastics.
  • Implications for India or the world: Encourages reform in plastic trade and tariff structures, supporting India’s Extended Producer Responsibility initiatives.
• Headline: 26 global tech firms sign EU’s AI Code of Practice
  • Summary: Companies including Google, Microsoft, and Amazon committed to voluntary AI safety and transparency measures ahead of the EU AI Act.
  • Implications for India or the world: Signals evolving global standards in AI regulation; may inform India's AI mission framework.

💼 3. Economy & Business

• Headline: IEPFA to launch Integrated Portal for investor services
  • Key data/policies: A unified platform will streamline claim processes and boost financial literacy under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.
  • Analysis: Promotes ease of access for investors, enhances transparency in unclaimed investments.

🧪 4. Science & Technology

• Topic: Himalayan Clouds contain toxic heavy metals – DST study
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Research by Bose Institute reveals high levels of cadmium, copper, chromium in clouds over Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats.
  • Why it matters: Indicates growing airborne pollution; poses severe health risks, especially to children in hill states.
• Topic: Face authentication launched by India Post Payments Bank
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Aadhaar-based facial recognition system enables OTP-free, fingerprint-free banking.
  • Why it matters: Promotes inclusive and secure digital banking, especially for rural and elderly citizens.

🎯 5. Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)
  • Launched by: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Provides ₹6,000 annually to landholding farmers via DBT; 20th instalment released. Excludes high-income individuals, government officials, etc.
• Name of scheme/policy/report: Global Capacity Building Initiative (India–UN)
  • Launched by: Government of India and UN
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Aims to share India’s developmental expertise with Global South nations to achieve SDGs; implemented via ITEC and the UN India SDG Fund.
• Name of scheme/policy/report: Centres of Excellence under National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM)
  • Launched by: Ministry of Mines
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: 7 R&D institutions (e.g., IIT Bombay, CSIR-IMMT) designated to support clean energy technologies and mineral security.

🏆 6. Awards & Honours

• Name of award: 71st National Film Awards (2023)
  • Recipient:

• Best Feature Film: 12th Fail
• Best Actor: Shah Rukh Khan (Jawan), Vikrant Massey (12th Fail)
• Best Actress: Rani Mukerji (Mrs. Chatterjee Vs Norway)
• Best Short Film: Giddh – The Scavenger
  • Reason for award : For outstanding contributions to Indian cinema and culture.

🔍 12. Miscellaneous

• Topic: New UPI rules effective from 1 August 2025
  • Applicable to Google Pay, PhonePe, Paytm, etc., the new rules enhance account linking transparency and regulate balance checks and autopayments.
• Topic: Odisha launches roadmap for integrating landraces into formal seed systems
  • Traditional seed varieties adapted to local agro-climatic conditions will be revived for climate-resilient, pest-tolerant, and nutritious farming.
• Topic: Alpine Musk Deer conservation mix-up reported
  • Central Zoo Authority report notes misidentification of Alpine Musk Deer, which is endangered and protected under Schedule I of Wildlife Act.

3^rd August 2025

Day: Sunday

📌 National News

• Headline: India ranks 3rd globally in total organ transplants
  • Summary: India performed 18,900 organ transplants in 2024 and ranked 1st in living donor organ transplants.
  • Significance/Impact: Reflects progress in organ donation ecosystem through initiatives like One Nation One Policy, Aadhaar-linked pledge portal, and Angdaan Jan Jagrukta Abhiyan.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: Edible Oil Regulations amended to boost transparency
  • Key data/policies: The 2011 regulations were amended by the Ministry of Consumer Affairs to reduce supply disruptions and unfair pricing.
  • Analysis: The amendment is vital as India is the world’s largest importer of vegetable oils. This also supports the goals of schemes like NMEO–Oil Palm and NFSM–OS&OP.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: Tamil Nadu’s Transgender Policy
  • Launched by: Government of Tamil Nadu
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Allows individuals to self-identify gender, ensures equal inheritance rights, supports education and health access. Supported by national schemes like SMILE, PM-DAKSH, Garima Grehas.

🔍 Miscellaneous

• Topic: Fisheries sector performance
  • Details: India ranks 2nd in global fish production, with 75% from inland fisheries.
  • Significance: Sector contributes 1.12% to national GVA and employs 30 million people. Challenges include overfishing, habitat loss, and gender gaps. Supported by PM Matsya Sampada Yojana and FIDF.

4^th August 2025

Day: Monday

📌 National News

• Headline: Tamil Nadu launches 750-acre 'Matri Van' under ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam’
  • Summary: Urban forest project initiated to promote green cover and biodiversity restoration.
  • Significance/Impact: Involves public participation and revival of native species in Aravalli region, aligned with ecological conservation goals.
• Headline: Odisha–Chhattisgarh agree on Mahanadi water dispute resolution
  • Summary: States move towards an amicable solution for inter-state water sharing.
  • Significance/Impact: Indicates positive federal cooperation under Article 262 and ISRWDA framework.

🌐 International News

• Headline: Mount Lewotobi (Indonesia) erupts
  • Summary: Twin volcano erupts, ash plumes reach 18,000 m.
  • Implications for India or the world: Highlights risks in the Ring of Fire; potential impact on global aviation and environment.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: Kopili River declared National Waterway 57
  • Key data/policies: Operationalisation in Assam to boost inland water transport under PM Gati Shakti and Maritime India Vision 2030.
  • Analysis: Enhances multimodal logistics in the Northeast and reduces carbon footprint of freight.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: India’s first space analog habitat launched in Ladakh
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: ISRO’s HOPE (Himalayan Outpost for Planetary Exploration) simulates Mars/Moon conditions.
  • Why it matters: Supports preparation for future planetary missions; Ladakh’s terrain mimics Martian environment.
• Topic: Harvard researchers develop synthetic Notch signaling activator
  • Innovation/Discovery: New method controls cellular behavior and fate.
  • Why it matters: Crucial in disease treatment and tissue regeneration research.
• Topic: IITs develop District Flood Severity Index
  • Innovation/Discovery: DFSI quantifies flood impact using occurrence and damage metrics.
  • Why it matters: Enhances disaster planning and risk management at the district level.
• Topic: Cold pools in ocean-atmosphere interaction
  • Innovation/Discovery: University of Washington study on how rain-cooled air affects ocean density and climate modeling.
  • Why it matters: Crucial for improving accuracy of climate predictions.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: PM Gati Shakti & Maritime India Vision 2030
  • Launched by: Government of India
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Infrastructure integration and efficient logistics via multimodal connectivity, including waterway development.

📝 Important Days & Events

• Date: 4th August 2025
  • Day/Event: Sharada Script Exhibition during Chinar Book Festival
  • Additional Information: Ancient Kashmiri script used in Sanskrit; historically spread across NW India and found even in Afghanistan.

🔍 Miscellaneous

• Topic: Airbus C-295 inducted by IAF
  • Details: Final batch of tactical airlifters received from Spain; part of Avro replacement program.
  • Significance: Enhances India's military logistics and airlift capability.

5^th August 2025

Day: Tuesday

📌 National News

• Headline: Pollution Control Boards Can Impose Environmental Compensation: Supreme Court
  • Summary: The Supreme Court upheld the authority of Pollution Control Boards (PCBs) to levy environmental compensation under the Water Act (1974) and Air Act (1981), reinforcing the Polluter Pays Principle.
  • Significance/Impact: This strengthens environmental enforcement and empowers PCBs to ensure immediate remediation and penalties for violations.

🌐 International News

• Headline: Indian Prime Minister Visits Cyprus After 23 Years
  • Summary: The Indian PM’s visit to Cyprus renews diplomatic relations and explores collaboration in trade, education, and diaspora engagement.
  • Implications for India or the world: It boosts India-EU ties and enhances its strategic presence in the Mediterranean.
• Headline: Philippines President Visits India on 75th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations
  • Summary: The visit marks 75 years of India-Philippines relations, with a focus on regional security, trade, and maritime cooperation.
  • Implications for India or the world: Strengthens India’s Act East policy and ASEAN regional engagement.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: Bond Switching Saves ₹560 Crore in Interest Costs for Government
  • Key data/policies: Government replaces short-term sovereign bonds maturing in FY27–FY29 with longer-term bonds maturing after FY32.
  • Analysis: This helps smoothen the debt repayment schedule, reduce fiscal pressure, and manage rising public debt efficiently.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: Isotope Tagging for Rhino Conservation
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: The Rhisotope Project in South Africa injects rhino horns with low-dose radioactive isotopes for global tracking using radiation detection systems.
  • Why it matters: A pioneering method in anti-poaching efforts, making illegal trade in rhino horns easily traceable across borders.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)
  • Launched by: Ministry of Women and Child Development
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Provides ₹5,000 for the first child and ₹6,000 for the second girl child to support nutrition and reduce wage loss for pregnant and lactating mothers.
• Name of scheme/policy/report: ESG Framework Report
  • Launched by: Parliamentary Standing Committee on Finance
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Proposes dedicated ESG body, Companies Act amendment, MSME support, and stricter compliance mechanisms to curb greenwashing and enhance sustainability disclosures.
• Name of scheme/policy/report: India Electric Mobility Index & $200 Billion EV Opportunity Report
  • Launched by: NITI Aayog and World Resources Institute India
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Assesses EV progress across states; recommends mandates for electric buses/trucks, improved infrastructure, and awareness programs.

📊 Rankings & Indexes

• Index name: Global Financial Centres Index & FinTech Rankings
  • India's rank (GIFT City IFSC): 46th in Finance, 45th in FinTech
  • Top rank: Not specified
  • Released by: Z/Yen Group and China Development Institute

🔍 12. Miscellaneous

• Topic Headline: PAN 2.0 Project Launched by Income Tax Department
  • Summary: PAN 2.0 aims to digitize and streamline the issuance and management of PAN and TAN, featuring paperless systems and improved security like PAN Data Vault.
  • Significance: Enhances ease of compliance and reduces processing time for individuals and businesses.
• Topic Headline: Expansion of GIFT City-like Financial Centres
  • Summary: The Standing Committee on Finance recommends setting up satellite financial innovation zones across major metros to promote fintech growth.
  • Significance: Aims to replicate GIFT City’s global success and establish India as a leading financial services hub.
• Topic Headline: Asian Giant Tortoise Reintroduced in Nagaland
  • Summary: The critically endangered tortoise was successfully reintroduced in Zeliang Community Reserve.
  • Significance: Boosts biodiversity and tribal conservation efforts; a major step in wildlife protection.
• Topic Headline: AGNISHODH Research Centre Inaugurated at IIT Madras
  • Summary: A new collaborative defence tech centre between IIT Madras and the Indian Army focusing on AI, robotics, and cyber capabilities.
  • Significance: Reinforces India’s push for self-reliance and innovation in defence modernization.
• Topic Headline: E20 Ethanol Blend Fuel Clarification
  • Summary: MoPNG clarified that E20 (20% ethanol blend in petrol) is safe and economically beneficial despite concerns.
  • Significance: Promotes clean energy and supports India's ethanol blending targets under the National Biofuel Policy.
• Topic Headline: Pangong Tso Expedition Achieves New Summit
  • Summary: A joint expedition successfully summited Mt Merag-III and Mt Kangju Kangri in the Pangong Tso region of Ladakh.
  • Significance: Enhances strategic surveillance, eco-tourism, and India’s mountain expedition capabilities.
• Topic Headline: National Medicinal Plants Board Signs MoUs
  • Summary: NMPB signs strategic MoUs for in-situ conservation and establishes a National Medicinal Plants Garden at AIIMS.
  • Significance: Promotes traditional medicine, biodiversity, and sustainable healthcare through the AYUSH mission.

6^th August 2025

Day: Tuesday

📌 National News
• Headline: President’s Rule in Manipur Extended
• Summary: The Parliament extended President’s Rule in Manipur for another six months.
• Significance/Impact: Indicates ongoing administrative and political instability in the state and Centre’s continued intervention under Article 356.

🌐 International News
• Headline: India and Philippines Sign Strategic Partnership Plan of Action (2025–29)
• Summary: The agreement was signed during the Philippines President’s visit, marking 75 years of diplomatic ties. Agreements include legal cooperation, tourism, and support for the Philippines’ sovereign data cloud.
• Implications for India or the world: Strengthens India’s Act East Policy, counters Chinese influence, and promotes a free Indo-Pacific.

• Headline: Russia Withdraws from INF Treaty
  • Summary: Russia cited US actions, including missile deployments in Asia-Pacific, for officially exiting the 1987 INF Treaty.
  • Implications for India or the world: Weakens global arms control framework, raises nuclear risks, and signals return to Cold War-style politics.

💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: India Responds to 25% Reciprocal Tariff Imposed by US
• Key data/policies: India’s External Affairs Minister called for a fair and representative global order at a BIMSTEC event.
• Analysis: Highlights trade as a geopolitical tool and reflects global South’s call for equity in multilateral institutions.

🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: Deep-Sea Biobank and High-Resolution Mapping of International Seabed
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Launched under the ISA 30th Assembly, the initiatives aim to enhance knowledge and conservation of seabed resources.
• Why it matters: Supports sustainable use of ocean resources and helps address climate and biodiversity goals.

• Topic: NASA Sends Ladakh Crops to Space
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Seeds of Sea Buckthorn and Buckwheat flown to ISS for experiments.
  • Why it matters: Tests plant adaptability to extreme conditions; boosts interest in Indian superfoods.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name of scheme/policy/report: National Viral Hepatitis Control Program
• Launched by: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (2018)
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Aims to eliminate Hepatitis C by 2030 and reduce mortality from viral hepatitis; aligned with SDG 3.3.

🔍 Miscellaneous

Topic Headline: Cloudburst in Uttarakhand’s Dharali
• Summary: Flash floods triggered by cloudburst over Kheer Ganga river; part of increasing trend of extreme rainfall in Himalayas.
• Significance: Raises concern on climate vulnerability and need for disaster-resilient infrastructure in ecologically fragile regions.

Topic Headline: Supreme Court Cancels EIA Exemption for Green Buildings
• Summary: SC struck down Centre’s exemption for environmental clearance in large eco-friendly buildings.
• Significance: Reinforces environmental accountability and reaffirms importance of EIA Notification 2006.

Topic Headline: Defence Acquisition Council Grants ₹67,000 Cr AoN
• Summary: Approval granted for military procurements including night vision sights, autonomous crafts, and air defence upgrades.
• Significance: Boosts defence preparedness and indigenous capabilities under Atmanirbhar Bharat.

Topic Headline: UN WFP & India Collaborate on Rice Fortification in Nepal
• Summary: India and UN WFP launched an initiative to strengthen food nutrition and supply chain systems in Nepal.
• Significance: Strengthens regional development cooperation and food security.

Topic Headline: Nilgiri Tahr Population Census
• Summary: Joint census in Tamil Nadu and Kerala reports 2,668 Nilgiri Tahrs.
• Significance: Highlights conservation success; Tahr is the state animal of Tamil Nadu and an endangered species.

Topic Headline: WHO Classifies Hepatitis D as Cancer-Causing
• Summary: WHO updated its list, adding Hepatitis D due to its linkage with liver cancer.
• Significance: Elevates global urgency on early diagnosis, vaccination, and public health strategies.

7^th August 2025

Day: Thursday

📌 National News

• Headline: Two landmark maritime bills passed in Parliament
  • Summary: Lok Sabha passed the Merchant Shipping Bill, 2025 and Rajya Sabha passed the Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2025. The bills update maritime laws, align with global conventions like MARPOL, and promote ease of doing business.
  • Significance/Impact: Strengthens India’s maritime governance, promotes international trade compliance, and improves seafarers’ welfare.
• Headline: RBI revises Co-lending Arrangements between banks and NBFCs
  • Summary: New norms require each regulated entity to retain at least 10% of loan share, ensure uniform asset classification, and allow PSL status for respective shares. Borrower interest rate will be based on a weighted average of lenders’ rates.
  • Significance/Impact: Improves risk sharing, transparency, and access to affordable credit, especially in underserved regions.
• Headline: Prime Minister inaugurates Kartavya Bhawan under Central Vista Project
  • Summary: Kartavya Bhawan is designed as per GRIHA-4 green building standards with solar panels and rainwater harvesting. It will house central bureaucracy offices.
  • Significance/Impact: Demonstrates India’s commitment to sustainable infrastructure and energy efficiency in government buildings.
• Headline: 85% of Software Technology Parks of India located in Tier 2 and 3 cities
  • Summary: STPIs have created 2.98 lakh jobs in non-metro areas since inception in 1991. They promote IT innovation, exports, and emerging tech adoption.
  • Significance/Impact: Boosts regional IT growth, decentralises economic opportunities, and supports MSMEs.

🌐 International News

• Headline: Great power rivalry threatens ASEAN Centrality in Indo-Pacific
  • Summary: US-China tensions and tariff wars risk dividing ASEAN and weakening platforms like EAS and ARF. ASEAN Centrality advocates a regional leadership role in Indo-Pacific affairs.
  • Implications for India or the world: India’s vision of a free and open Indo-Pacific aligns with ASEAN Centrality, offering opportunities for closer cooperation.
• Headline: Japan marks 80 years since Hiroshima atomic bombing
  • Summary: The atomic bombings ended WWII, triggered the nuclear arms race, and led to disarmament initiatives like the NPT and CTBT.
  • Implications for India or the world: Reinforces global nuclear disarmament efforts and lessons on the humanitarian cost of nuclear weapons.
• Headline: World Meteorological Organization certifies record 829 km lightning flash in USA
  • Summary: The 2017 lightning spanned from eastern Texas to near Kansas City.
  • Implications for India or the world: Highlights need for lightning safety awareness and early warning systems, especially in lightning-prone countries like India.
• Headline: UN warns of dire humanitarian crisis in Sudan refugee camps
  • Summary: Zamzam and Abu Shouk camps in North Darfur face worsening conditions amid conflict.
  • Implications for India or the world: Calls for increased international aid and refugee protection measures.
• Headline: Wildfire devastates Southern France
  • Summary: Strong winds, dry vegetation, and heat waves fueled one of the largest wildfires in the region.
  • Implications for India or the world: Highlights global climate-related disaster risks and the urgency for adaptive strategies.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: RBI keeps repo rate unchanged at 5.5%
  • Key data/policies: Monetary Policy Committee maintained neutral stance; quorum of 4; Governor has casting vote in case of tie.
  • Analysis: Reflects RBI’s balancing act between inflation control and economic growth support.
• Headline: Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) in focus
  • Key data/policies: Governed by SEBI regulations for listed companies and Companies Act for unlisted; taxable under IT Act.
  • Analysis: Encourages employee retention, ownership culture, and long-term alignment with company growth.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: Open Weight Reasoning Models launched by OpenAI
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Released pretrained weights of advanced reasoning models optimised for laptops; not fully open-source.
  • Why it matters: Enables decentralised AI usage, enhances privacy, and allows fine-tuning for diverse local applications.
• Topic: BharatGen AI to support all 22 scheduled languages by 2026
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: India’s first multimodal AI LLM for Indian languages, covering text, speech, and vision-language, led by IIT Bombay under NM-ICPS.
  • Why it matters: Promotes inclusive digital growth and AI adoption in all Indian languages.
• Topic: Environmental DNA (eDNA) for biodiversity conservation
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Technique captures genetic material from environmental samples for species monitoring.
  • Why it matters: Non-invasive, rapid, and cost-effective tool for biodiversity mapping and ecosystem health checks.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: National Working Plan Code 2023 (reference in FRA context in CFRR earlier) — [No new report highlighted specific to Aug 7 beyond above news]

📚 Important Days & Events

• Date: 06-08-2025
  • Day/Event: 80th anniversary of Hiroshima bombing
  • Additional Information: Marked globally to reflect on nuclear disarmament and peacebuilding.

🔍 Miscellaneous

Topic Headline: France – Place in News
Summary: Geography includes Alps, Pyrenees, major rivers Loire and Seine; borders multiple European countries.
Significance: Useful for competitive exams and geopolitical awareness.

8^th August 2025

Day: Friday

📌 National News
• Headline: PM Inaugurates MS Swaminathan Centenary International Conference on his 100th Birth Anniversary
• Summary: The event, themed “Evergreen Revolution, The Pathway to Biohappiness,” highlighted Swaminathan’s pioneering work in high-yield crop development, sustainable farming practices, and farmer welfare reforms.
• Significance/Impact: Reinforces India’s focus on sustainable agriculture, food security, and farmer-centric innovation.

• Headline: Standing Committee on Rural Development Presents PMGSY Report
  • Summary: PMGSY-IV (2024–2029) will improve rural connectivity with thicker roads, updated survey data, and flexible state-specific designs. Recommendations address low bidding, construction quality, and delays.
  • Significance/Impact: Aims to enhance rural transport infrastructure and ensure equitable development.
• Headline: Standing Committee on Coal, Mines, and Steel Releases Steel Scrap Recycling Policy Report
  • Summary: Calls for formalisation of scrap markets, industry status for the sector, skill training, and adoption of AI and blockchain for traceability.
  • Significance/Impact: Supports circular economy, job creation, and sustainable resource use.
• Headline: RBI Grants AU Small Finance Bank Universal Banking Licence – First in a Decade
  • Summary: AU SFB becomes the first SFB in ten years to get in-principle approval to become a universal bank after meeting profitability, asset quality, and net worth norms.
  • Significance/Impact: Encourages growth and diversification in India’s banking sector.

🌐 International News
• Headline: USA to Impose Additional 25% Ad Valorem Duty on India
• Summary: The US announced extra tariffs on Indian goods in addition to existing reciprocal tariffs.
• Implications for India or the world: May strain India-US trade ties and increase costs for exporters.

• Headline: Tuvalu Signs Falepili Union Treaty with Australia
  • Summary: Agreement allows 280 Tuvaluans per year to gain Australian residency as climate change threatens their islands.
  • Implications for India or the world: Highlights global climate migration concerns and regional humanitarian cooperation.
• Headline: Third UN Conference for Landlocked Developing Countries Opens in Turkmenistan
  • Summary: LLDC3 begins implementation of the Awaza Programme of Action (2024–2034) focusing on food security, infrastructure finance, and climate resilience.
  • Implications for India or the world: Potential for enhanced cooperation with LLDCs in trade, research, and climate policy.

💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: Virgin Polymers Production Data Released
• Key data/policies: India contributes 4% to global production of major virgin polymers; China leads. These include polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, and polystyrene.
• Analysis: Reflects India’s significant role in plastics manufacturing while raising environmental sustainability concerns.

🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: First Discovery of Ni-Cu-PGE Sulphide in India
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Found in Chhattisgarh’s Bhalukona-Jamnidih block; critical for EVs, clean energy, and defence applications.
• Why it matters: Boosts India’s mineral security and clean energy capabilities.

• Topic: New Lichen Species – Allographa effusosoredica in Western Ghats
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Discovered species useful for bio-monitoring and soil formation.
  • Why it matters: Enhances biodiversity research and environmental health monitoring.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name of scheme/policy/report: Steel Scrap Recycling Policy (SSRP) – Report
• Launched by: Ministry of Steel (2019)
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Promote circular economy, formalise scrap sector, create a robust database, and modernise processing facilities.

• Name of scheme/policy/report: PMGSY (Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana) – Report
  • Launched by: Government of India (2000)
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Provide all-weather road connectivity to rural habitations; PMGSY-IV focuses on quality enhancement and equitable distribution.

🔍 Miscellaneous

1. Topic Headline: Coastal Shipping Bill, 2025 Passed
   • Summary: Modernises coastal shipping laws, reduces reliance on foreign vessels, and introduces a national database for transparency.
   • Significance: Strengthens India’s maritime economy and infrastructure planning.
2. Topic Headline: Joint Doctrines for Cyberspace & Amphibious Operations Released by CDS
   • Summary: Updates military operational frameworks for cyber defence and amphibious missions, emphasising jointness across Army, Navy, and Air Force.
   • Significance: Enhances multi-domain operational readiness and interoperability.
3. Topic Headline: Starfish Deaths Linked to Vibrio pectenicida
   • Summary: Marine bacteria linked to cholera has caused significant starfish mortality.
   • Significance: Raises alarms on marine biodiversity and ecosystem health.
4. Topic Headline: SheLeads II Programme Launched
   • Summary: UN Women initiative to empower women in public and political leadership roles.
   • Significance: Promotes gender equality and inclusive governance.
   
   
   
   

   9^th August 2025

   Day: Saturday

   📌 National News
   • Headline: 100th Anniversary of the Kakori Train Action
   • Summary: The Kakori incident took place on 9 August 1925, involving the robbery of a government train by revolutionaries of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) to fund anti-British activities.
   • Significance/Impact: Marked a key moment in India’s freedom struggle, leading to increased revolutionary fervour despite heavy repression by the British.

   🌐 International News
   • Headline: Armenia–Azerbaijan Peace Agreement Brokered by the US
   • Summary: Both nations agreed to cease hostilities, establish diplomatic ties, and open a new “Trump Route” transit corridor, with US-exclusive development rights. Cooperation pacts in energy, tech, and economy were also signed.
   • Implications for India or the world: Strengthens India’s regional connectivity plans via the International North-South Transport Corridor and deepens its strategic ties with Armenia.

   🧪 Science & Technology
   • Topic: IIT-Roorkee Develops Compound 3b to Combat Antibiotic Resistance
   • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: A β-lactamase inhibitor that works with Meropenem to neutralise KPC-2 superbug infections, showing strong preclinical results.
   • Why it matters: Addresses antimicrobial resistance, a growing global health threat, potentially saving lives and reducing economic losses.

   🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
   • Name of scheme/policy/report: Special Development Packages (SDPs) for Assam and Tripura
   • Launched by: Union Cabinet
   • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Improve socio-economic conditions of marginalised communities, create jobs, and boost tourism, focusing on tribal and conflict-affected areas.

   📚 Important Days & Events
   • Date: 9 August
   • Day/Event: 100 Years of Kakori Train Action
   • Additional Information: Led to the execution of four revolutionaries and eventual reorganisation of HRA into HSRA with a socialist agenda.

   10th August 2025
   
   

   Day: Sunday

   📌 National News
   • Headline: India’s Asiatic Lion Population Rises by 70% in Last Decade
   • Summary: Population increased from 284 (1990) to 891 (2025) due to habitat expansion, advanced monitoring, and conflict mitigation under Project Lion.
   • Significance/Impact: Strengthens India’s biodiversity profile and global conservation leadership.

   🧪 Science & Technology
   • Topic: Greater One-Horned Rhino Poaching Declines Sharply
   • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: IUCN–TRAFFIC report credits improved surveillance and monitoring in India.
   • Why it matters: Protects a vulnerable species and reinforces India’s conservation commitments.

   🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
   • Name of scheme/policy/report: SHINE Programme
   • Launched by: ICMR & Department of Health Research
   • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Introduce students (grades 9–12) to biomedical research, fostering innovation and public health careers.

   11^th August 2025

   Day: Monday

   📌 National News – No direct new entry, but schemes extended/approved

   💼 Economy & Business
   • Headline: Economic Sanctions as a Tool of US Hegemony – Urjit Patel Paper
   • Key data/policies: Notes rise in US sanctions post-2000, with <20% success rate; secondary sanctions impacting India’s projects in Iran and Russia.
   • Analysis: Suggests diversifying through BRICS and AIIB to mitigate risks from dollar dominance and US-led financial controls.

   🧪 Science & Technology
   • Topic: India’s First Animal Stem Cell Biobank Launched
   • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Facility at NIAB Hyderabad with 3D bioprinting and cryostorage capabilities.
   • Why it matters: Advances livestock regenerative medicine, disease modelling, and tissue engineering.

   • Topic: Cancer AI & Technology Challenge (CATCH)
     • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Joint grant programme by IndiaAI Mission & National Cancer Grid, offering ₹50 lakh pilot funding for AI-based cancer care solutions.
     • Why it matters: Accelerates AI deployment in India’s healthcare sector.

   🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
   • Name: PM E-DRIVE Scheme Extension
   • Launched by: Ministry of Heavy Industries
   • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Promote EV adoption, charging infra, and manufacturing ecosystem; extended to March 2028.

   • Name: MERITE Scheme
     • Launched by: Ministry of Education
     • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Enhance quality and governance in technical education; ₹4,200 crore budget with World Bank loan support.
   • Name: Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) – 5th Anniversary
     • Launched by: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
     • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation for substance abuse; coverage expanded to all districts.
   • Name: Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) – Subsidy Continuation
     • Launched by: Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
     • Key objectives and beneficiaries: LPG subsidy of ₹300 per cylinder (up to 9 refills annually) for over 10 crore PMUY beneficiaries.
   
   
   
   
   

   12^th August 2025

   
   Day: Tuesday

   📌 National News
   • Headline: Supreme Court Issues Directions to Control Stray Dogs in NCR
   • Summary: The Supreme Court directed the creation of a dedicated force for stray dog management, establishment of shelters, helplines, vaccination facilities, and legal measures against obstruction.
   • Significance/Impact: Aims to address public safety concerns, reduce rabies cases, and balance animal welfare with human safety in urban areas.

   🌐 International News
   • Headline: Chief of Australian Army Begins Four-Day Visit to India
   • Summary: The visit focuses on strengthening defence cooperation between India and Australia.
   • Implications for India or the world: Enhances military diplomacy and strategic coordination in the Indo-Pacific.

   💼 Economy & Business
   • Headline: Report on Evolving Role of Competition Commission of India (CCI)
   • Key data/policies: Standing Committee on Finance highlights gaps in Competition Act 2002 for digital markets, recommends reviewing MSME thresholds, and strengthening enforcement.
   • Analysis: Strengthening CCI’s capacity and digital market regulations is crucial to protect consumer welfare and curb anti-competitive practices.

   🧪 Science & Technology
   • Topic: Discovery of Artefacts from Oldest Known Wallacean Hominids
   • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Archaeologists found artefacts in Sulawesi, Indonesia, suggesting Homo erectus in Wallacea over 1 million years ago.
   • Why it matters: Challenges previous beliefs about early human migration and sea travel capabilities.

   • Topic: Nelco–Eutelsat OneWeb Partnership for LEO Satellite Connectivity
     • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Partnership will provide high-speed satellite internet across India using low-earth orbit satellites.
     • Why it matters: Expands digital infrastructure, bridges connectivity gaps, and strengthens national security communications.

   🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
   • Name: Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2025
   • Launched by: Ministry of Mines (introduced in Lok Sabha)
   • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Promote critical mineral exploration, set up mineral exchanges, allow sale from captive mines, and extend mining lease areas.

   • Name: National Sports Governance Bill & National Anti-Doping (Amendment) Bill, 2025
     • Launched by: Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (passed in Lok Sabha)
     • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Regulate sports administration, establish National Sports Bodies and Tribunal, and align anti-doping laws with WADA Code.
   • Name: National Medical Register
     • Launched by: National Medical Commission
     • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Create a dynamic database of licensed allopathic practitioners for transparency and accessibility.

   🏆 Awards & Honours
   • Name of award: UNDP Equator Initiative Award
   • Recipient: Bibi Fatima Women’s Self-Help Group, Dharwad
   • Reason for award: Climate-resilient farming practices, millet promotion, and biodiversity conservation.

   • Name of award: National Anubhav Awards 2025
     • Recipient: Retired government employees (various)
     • Reason for award: Contribution to administrative history through memoirs on Anubhav Portal.

   🔍 Miscellaneous

   Topic Headline: Mahadayi Water Dispute Tribunal Tenure Extended
   • Summary: Tribunal tenure extended by one year to resolve water sharing between Goa, Karnataka, and Maharashtra.
   • Significance: Aims to address long-standing inter-state river disputes in Western India.

   Topic Headline: Etalin Hydroelectric Project Receives Environmental Clearance
   • Summary: 3,097 MW project in Arunachal Pradesh’s Dibang Valley approved, involving diversion of over 1,100 hectares of forest.
   • Significance: Enhances hydroelectric capacity but raises biodiversity and environmental concerns.

   Topic Headline: RBI Simplifies Special Vostro Rupee Account Process
   • Summary: Removes prior approval for opening SVRAs to boost rupee-based trade settlements.
   • Significance: Supports rupee internationalisation and reduces forex dependency.

   Topic Headline: Election Commission Identifies 476 RUPPs for Possible De-listing
   • Summary: As part of electoral system clean-up, ECI flags registered but unrecognised parties inactive for over six years.
   • Significance: Improves transparency and integrity of the electoral process.

13^th August 2025

Day: Wednesday

📌 National News
• Headline: Lok Sabha passes the Indian Ports Bill, 2025
• Summary: The Bill replaces the Indian Ports Act, 1908, consolidating laws on ports in India. It establishes the Maritime State Development Council, grants statutory recognition to State Maritime Boards, creates Dispute Resolution Committees for non-major ports, and empowers the Centre to classify mega ports. It also mandates environmental compliance with international conventions like MARPOL.
• Significance/Impact: Expected to modernize port governance, enhance dispute resolution, and improve safety and environmental standards, boosting India’s maritime sector.

• Headline: Union Government tightens rules for OCI Card cancellation
  • Summary: OCI registration can now be revoked if the holder is sentenced to at least two years in prison or faces charges for offences with a sentence of seven or more years.
  • Significance/Impact: Strengthens national security safeguards and aligns OCI provisions with India’s sovereignty and integrity concerns.
• Headline: IBC (Amendment) Bill, 2025 referred to Parliament Select Committee
  • Summary: The Bill seeks to speed up insolvency resolutions, introduce out-of-court creditor-initiated resolutions, and implement cross-border insolvency frameworks.
  • Significance/Impact: Expected to reduce delays, improve creditor confidence, and align India’s insolvency processes with global best practices.
• Headline: Supreme Court examines constitutionality of Section 152 of BNS
  • Summary: Court questions whether the “potential for abuse” of Section 152, which criminalizes acts threatening sovereignty, can justify striking it down.
  • Significance/Impact: Could impact the balance between national security laws and freedom of expression.
• Headline: NPCI may discontinue UPI ‘pull transactions’
  • Summary: To curb fraud, NPCI is considering stopping transactions initiated by beneficiaries rather than payers.
  • Significance/Impact: Aims to enhance payment security but may affect certain digital transaction modes.

🌐 International News
• Headline: The Elders Group calls Gaza situation an “unfolding genocide”
• Summary: The global leaders’ group founded by Nelson Mandela urges urgent diplomatic action to address humanitarian crisis in Gaza.
• Implications for India or the world: Increases global pressure on nations to address Middle East conflicts and uphold human rights.

💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: India’s retail inflation falls to 1.55% in July 2025
• Key data/policies: Lowest since June 2017; food inflation at -1.76%. Driven by base effect and lower prices of pulses, vegetables, cereals, and transportation.
• Analysis: Could influence RBI’s monetary policy towards easing, benefiting consumers and businesses.

• Headline: India imposes import restrictions on certain Bangladeshi goods
  • Key data/policies: Ban covers certain garments, jute items, and food products via specific land ports.
  • Analysis: Reflects trade tensions amid political instability in Bangladesh and rising Chinese influence.

🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: Bacterium Ideonella sakaiensis degrades PET plastic
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Discovered in Japan; produces enzymes that break down PET into eco-friendly components.
• Why it matters: Could revolutionize plastic waste management and support a circular economy.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name of scheme/policy/report: India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) – Approval of four new projects
• Launched by: Ministry of Electronics and IT, 2021
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Supports semiconductor fabs, display units, chip design startups; aims to boost India’s position in global electronics supply chains.

• Name of scheme/policy/report: SHRESTH (State Health Regulatory Excellence Index)
  • Launched by: Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Benchmarks state drug regulatory systems to improve drug safety and quality.

🔍 Miscellaneous
• Topic Headline: CAG reports short transfer of ₹3.69 lakh crore in cess over decades
• Summary: Funds meant for specific development purposes were not fully transferred to designated reserve funds.
• Significance: Highlights need for improved fiscal transparency and fund management.

• Topic Headline: Supreme Court panel warns against Char Dham road widening in Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone
  • Summary: Project may harm sensitive Himalayan ecosystems.
  • Significance: Emphasizes balancing infrastructure development with ecological preservation.
• Topic Headline: CBSE mandates APAAR ID for Class 9, 11 registrations and board exam lists
  • Summary: Part of NEP 2020 vision for ‘One Nation, One Student ID.’
  • Significance: Will unify student records nationwide, aiding mobility and data management.
• Topic Headline: Approval for Tato-II Hydro Electric Project in Arunachal Pradesh
  • Summary: 700 MW project to be built by NEEPCO in joint venture with state government.
  • Significance: Enhances renewable energy generation and supports Northeast’s power infrastructure.

14^th August 2025

Day: Thursday

📌 National News
• Headline: India-Singapore Ministerial Roundtable (ISMR) held to strengthen strategic partnership
• Summary: Ministers from both nations reviewed progress in six priority pillars—Advanced Manufacturing, Connectivity, Digitalization, Healthcare, Skills Development, and Sustainability. They announced new initiatives and highlighted the private sector’s role.
• Significance/Impact: Reinforces India’s Act East Policy, strengthens ASEAN connectivity, boosts security cooperation (including counter-terrorism), and balances China’s influence through strategic access to Singapore’s Changi Naval Base.

🌐 International News
• Headline: Western Australia experiences record coral bleaching event
• Summary: The longest, largest, and most intense marine heatwave in the region has severely affected Ningaloo Reef and the Great Barrier Reef, marking the fourth mass coral bleaching event since 2024.
• Implications for India or the world: Highlights the global urgency of tackling climate change and protecting marine biodiversity—important for India’s coastal ecosystems and fisheries.

💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: RBI unveils FREE-AI framework for ethical AI use in financial services
• Key data/policies: Includes 7 guiding principles, an AI innovation sandbox, and a shared infrastructure plan under the IndiaAI Mission. The sector’s AI investments are projected to reach ₹8 lakh crore by 2027.
• Analysis: Balances innovation with risk mitigation, addressing challenges like algorithmic bias, cybersecurity risks, and governance issues to protect consumer trust and market stability.

🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: India’s first commercial Earth Observation (EO) satellite constellation
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: IN-SPACe selected a consortium led by PixxelSpace India with three other private firms to build 12 all-weather, day-night imaging satellites equipped with advanced sensors, under a PPP model.
• Why it matters: Strengthens India’s geospatial intelligence for climate monitoring, disaster management, agriculture, and national security, boosting the $8 billion space economy towards its $100 billion potential by 2040.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name of report: Parliamentary Committee Report on India’s Indian Ocean Strategy
• Launched by: Parliamentary Committee on External Affairs
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Calls for upgrading SAGAR to MAHASAGAR, enhancing multilateral engagement, promoting a rules-based maritime order, and addressing infrastructure and security gaps in the IOR region.

🎓 Appointments & Resignations
• Name: Judicial and Expert Members appointed to NGT
• Position: 2 judicial members and 4 expert members
• Organization: National Green Tribunal

🏟️ Sports India
• Event: IOA approves India’s bid to host 2030 Commonwealth Games
• Winner(s)/Record(s): India confirmed as official bidder for hosting the second-largest multi-sport event globally.

🔍 Miscellaneous

1. Ministry of New & Renewable Energy mandates ALMM (Wind)
   • Summary: Renames RLMM (2018) to ALMM (Wind) with stricter sourcing rules, domestic component mandates, BIS certification, and data localisation.
   • Significance: Boosts local manufacturing, ensures quality standards, and strengthens India’s position as the world’s 4th largest wind energy producer.
2. Rare mushrooms spotted in Telangana
   • Summary: Blue Pinkgill and Shuttlecock mushrooms recorded in Kadamba Reserve Forest and Kawal Tiger Reserve.
   • Significance: Expands knowledge of India’s fungal diversity, with implications for ecology and conservation research.
3. Project Kusha
   • Summary: DRDO-led indigenous long-range surface-to-air missile system development, including variants up to 400 km and future 600 km range interceptors.
   • Significance: Enhances India’s air defence capabilities and reduces dependence on foreign missile systems.
4. NASA’s OCO missions at risk
   • Summary: U.S. plans to shut down OCO-2 and OCO-3 CO₂ monitoring missions.
   • Significance: Loss of critical global carbon data could impact climate change mitigation strategies worldwide.
5. Perpetual Tolling criticism
   • Summary: Parliamentary committee urges reforms to perpetual toll collection post cost recovery.
   • Significance: Pushes for transparency, fair tolling practices, and consumer rights in infrastructure projects.
6. BSF cadre review approved
   • Summary: First-ever cadre review to strengthen the world’s largest border guarding force.
   • Significance: Improves manpower deployment and operational readiness for border security.
7. Dengue immunity breakthrough
   • Summary: Identification of EDE antibodies that neutralise the dengue virus.
   • Significance: Opens avenues for vaccine development and improved treatment strategies.
8. Easter Island heritage at risk
   • Summary: Rising sea levels threaten Rapa Nui’s archaeological sites.
   • Significance: Highlights climate change’s impact on cultural heritage sites.

15^th August 2025

Day: Friday

📌 National News

Headline: Prime Minister announced the Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana

• Summary: Aimed at creating 3.5 crore jobs in 2 years with EPF incentives and employer subsidies.
• Significance/Impact: Boosts employment, ensures savings, encourages financial security for workers.

Headline: Prime Minister launched High-Powered Demography Mission

• Summary: Mission to counter illegal immigration through border control, refugee laws, and biometric IDs.
• Significance/Impact: Protects national security, unity, and demographic stability.

Headline: Prime Minister announced Mission Sudarshan Chakra

• Summary: Focused on strengthening civil and defence infrastructure security by 2035.
• Significance/Impact: Enhances defence readiness and strategic autonomy.

🌐 International News

Headline: Two Indian aquanauts achieved record dives in Atlantic Ocean

• Summary: Reached 4,025m and 5,002m using French submersible Nautile.
• Implications: Advances India’s Samudrayaan mission and deep-sea capabilities.

Headline: 6.2 magnitude earthquake struck Tonga

• Summary: Strong tremors reported in South Pacific island nation.
• Implications: Highlights seismic vulnerability of Pacific region.

💼 Economy & Business

Headline: PM proposed GST Reforms

• Key data/policies: Reduction to two slabs, inverted duty correction, pre-filled returns.
• Analysis: Simplifies taxation, promotes compliance, improves ease of doing business.

🧪 Science & Technology

Topic: Samudrayaan Mission progress

• Innovation: Deep-sea trials with global partnerships; target 6,000m depth by 2027.
• Why it matters: Enhances exploration of marine resources and ocean research.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

Name: Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana

• Launched by: Ministry of Labour & Employment
• Objectives: Job creation, EPF subsidy, formalisation of workforce.

📚 Important Days & Events

Date: 15 August 2025
Day/Event: Independence Day (India)

• Additional Info: Multiple missions announced, reflecting development and security focus.

16^th August 2025

Day: Saturday

📌 National News

Headline: Supreme Court suggested converting NOIDA into a Metropolitan Corporation

• Summary: Asked UP Govt. to restructure governance model for better civic management.
• Significance/Impact: Brings elected representation, stronger accountability, improved services.

🌐 International News

Headline: India rejected PCA ruling on Indus Waters Treaty

• Summary: India declined Permanent Court of Arbitration’s interpretation.
• Implications: Reinforces India’s independent stance on bilateral water disputes with Pakistan.

Headline: USA and Russia met in Alaska over Ukraine ceasefire

• Summary: Talks focused on ending hostilities and stabilising Europe.
• Implications: Could influence global security, energy flows, and India’s diplomacy.

Headline: Doctors Without Borders expanded medical services in Iraq

• Summary: Strengthened healthcare delivery in conflict areas.
• Implications: Highlights importance of humanitarian aid in crisis zones.

💼 Economy & Business

Headline: S&P upgraded India’s Sovereign Credit Rating to BBB

• Key data: Raised from BBB- after 18 years, outlook stable.
• Analysis: Enhances investor confidence, signals fiscal strength.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

Name: Global Outlook Council on Water Investments (GOCWI)

• Launched by: Announced in South Africa under G20 legacy.
• Objectives: Mobilise $15 billion for water security by 2030.

🏟️ Sports India

Event: Sri Lanka–India Naval Exercise (SLINEX-25)

• Winner/Record: INS Rana and INS Jyoti participated in Colombo.
• Significance: Strengthens defence ties under “Neighbourhood First.”

📊 Rankings & Indexes

Index: Sovereign Credit Rating (S&P)

• India’s Status: Upgraded to BBB
• Top Rank: AAA nations like USA, Germany
• Released by: S&P Global Ratings

🔍 Miscellaneous

Topic Headline: India’s Maize Cultivation Surge

• Summary: Rising demand for ethanol production drives growth; Karnataka leads.
• Significance: Supports energy security and boosts rural economy.

17^th August 2025

Day: Sunday

📌 National News

• Headline: Parliamentary Committee flags persistent gaps in India’s water management
• Summary: A Standing Committee report notes continuing socio-economic losses from floods and water scarcity despite investments and technology; calls out issues in interlinking rivers, flood forecasting, dam safety, and conservation.
• Significance/Impact: Strengthens the case for updated water policy, faster consensus among states on river links, better flood forecasting coverage, and time-bound dam Emergency Action Plans.

🌐 International News

• Headline: Global plastics treaty talks in Geneva end without agreement
• Summary: Countries failed to reach consensus on capping virgin plastic production versus focusing on waste management and design changes.
• Implications for India or the world: Delay prolongs environmental and health risks from plastics; domestic measures on plastic waste and circular economy become even more critical.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: States to ease off-budget borrowings amid discipline push
• Key data/policies: Off-budget borrowings are raised via PSUs and allied entities and kept outside the main deficit; concerns include transparency and true debt burden.
• Analysis: Curtailing such borrowings can improve fiscal credibility and clarity of state finances.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: Password-protected Brain-Computer Interface
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Researchers demonstrate a BCI that requires a “mental password” before decoding thoughts to text or audio.
• Why it matters: Adds a security layer to neurotech, protecting privacy and mitigating risks like brain data theft and manipulation.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain; Draft National Water Policy (under consideration)
• Launched by: Ministry of Jal Shakti
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Community-led water conservation, groundwater recharge, rainwater harvesting grants to states, and coordinated action on cross-border flooding.

🔍 Miscellaneous

Topic Headline: Interlinking of Rivers and flood forecasting expansion

Summary: 30 river-link projects identified; lack of interstate consensus is a key hurdle. CWC operates ~340 flood-forecast sites across 22 states and 2 UTs, planned to reach ~375 by 2026.

Significance: Could reduce floods and droughts through basin-level management; better forecasting saves lives and assets.

Topic Headline: Dam Safety readiness gaps

Summary: Of 6,000+ dams, only 459 have Emergency Action Plans; Dam Safety Act 2021 mandates EAPs within five years.

Significance: Time-bound EAPs are vital for downstream population safety and disaster mitigation.

18^th August 2025

Day: Monday

📌 National News

• Headline: Indian Army opens Arogyam Health and Wellness Centre in Tawang under Operation Sadbhavana
• Summary: New facility advances the “hearts and minds” initiative through community healthcare and welfare.
• Significance/Impact: Enhances border-area outreach, healthcare access, and civil-military trust.

🌐 International News

• Headline: 5.8 magnitude earthquake strikes Algeria’s Tebessa province
• Summary: Quake reported in North Africa’s largest country; region spans Mediterranean coast to Sahara.
• Implications for India or the world: Underscores seismic risks and the importance of preparedness in the Mediterranean zone; Indian missions track safety of nationals.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: Nationwide rollout of E20 petrol raises consumer concerns
• Key data/policies: EBP target of 20 percent ethanol blending by 2025-26; ministry clarifies E20’s higher octane can aid performance; compatibility issues may arise for older vehicles and materials.
• Analysis: Transition supports energy security and farm incomes but requires phased vehicle upgrades, consumer guidance, and emissions vigilance.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: AMOC reconstruction and future risks
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Scientists reconstruct 12,000 years of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; largely stable in the Holocene but projected to weaken due to climate change.
• Why it matters: A slowdown could alter European climate, Indian monsoon patterns, sea levels, and marine ecosystems.

Topic: AI-designed antibiotics

• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Generative AI screened tens of millions of hypothetical molecules; new candidates effective against MRSA and drug-resistant gonorrhea.
• Why it matters: Opens faster pipelines for combating antimicrobial resistance.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: E-Jagriti platform (consumer dispute resolution)
• Launched by: Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Full digitisation of consumer commissions; July 2025 disposal rates over 100 percent in 10 states plus NCDRC; faster, transparent grievance redress for consumers.

🔍 Miscellaneous

Topic Headline: Sustainable Aviation Fuel milestone

Summary: IOCL Panipat refinery receives ICAO certification for producing SAF from used cooking oil; compatible in blends with existing jet fuel.

Significance: Cuts aviation emissions, diversifies fuel sources, and builds green capacity.

Topic Headline: Arunachalee mountaineer scales Mount Elbrus

Summary: Climb of Europe’s highest peak (5,642 m) in the Caucasus; Elbrus is a dormant volcano and part of the Seven Summits.

Significance: Showcases Indian mountaineering achievements and promotes adventure sports.

Topic Headline: Whole-cell biosensor using E. coli

Summary: Engineers create a self-powered chemical biosensor that interfaces directly with electronics and can operate in complex samples.

Significance: Applications in pollution detection, agriculture, and diagnostics with potentially lower cost and higher robustness.

Topic Headline: Asset Reconstruction Companies increase retail loan buys

Summary: ARCs step up purchase of retail NPAs in Q1 FY26 under SARFAESI framework; examples include NARCL and IDRCL.

Significance: Helps banks clean balance sheets; signals rising household stress pockets, requiring prudential oversight.

19^th August 2025

Day: Tuesday

📌 National News

• Headline: Space Experiments Showcase India as "Vishwabandhu" Bharat
  • Summary: India’s space programs (NISAR mission, Gaganyaan, Bharatiya Antariksh Station, Lunar Mission) highlight India’s role as a global collaborator, providing low-cost innovations, open data access, and solutions for global challenges.
  • Significance/Impact: Enhances India’s global standing as a scientific partner, strengthens diplomacy, promotes disaster management, climate monitoring, and demonstrates India’s technological prowess.
• Headline: CAG Report on FRBM Act Presented in Parliament
  • Summary: CAG’s annual review shows government debt fell to 57% of GDP (March 2024) from 61.38% in 2020-21. Debt sustainability improved, with repayment ratio dropping from 86.66% (2019-20) to 81.46% (2023-24).
  • Significance/Impact: Reflects stronger fiscal discipline, supports inter-generational equity, and underlines government’s commitment to reduce fiscal deficit below 4.5% by FY 2025-26.
• Headline: Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Bill, 2025 Introduced in Lok Sabha
  • Summary: Bill proposes 355 amendments across 16 Acts for decriminalization, rationalized penalties, and streamlined adjudication to improve Ease of Doing Business and Living.
  • Significance/Impact: Reduces judicial burden, improves business confidence, and builds trust-based governance.
• Headline: Ministry of Power Issues Draft on Renewable Consumption Obligation (RCO)
  • Summary: Mandatory RE consumption targets (29.9% in FY 2024-25 to 43.33% in 2029-30) to boost renewable energy use. Overseen by BEE with penalties for non-compliance.
  • Significance/Impact: Encourages clean energy, reduces carbon footprint, and strengthens India’s climate commitments.
• Headline: Karnataka HC Upholds Gender Neutrality of POCSO Act
  • Summary: Court ruled POCSO applies to both men and women, rejecting plea for quashing a complaint against a woman.
  • Significance/Impact: Reinforces equal accountability and child protection under law.
• Headline: Opposition Considers Motion to Remove Chief Election Commissioner (CEC)
  • Summary: CEC can only be removed like a Supreme Court judge under Article 324(5), requiring 2/3rd majority in both Houses.
  • Significance/Impact: Ensures independence of the Election Commission and safeguards democratic processes.

🌐 International News

• Headline: UNHCR Suspends Repatriation of Sri Lankan Tamil Refugees
  • Summary: UNHCR halted refugee return process due to prevailing uncertainties. It remains committed to refugee protection under the 1951 Refugee Convention and 1967 Protocol.
  • Implications for India or the world: Impacts India as host to a significant Tamil refugee population, highlighting the need for humanitarian and diplomatic engagement.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: Bond Yields Rise Sharply
  • Key data/policies: Yields increase due to inverse bond price relation, higher interest rates, and inflation expectations.
  • Analysis: Indicates tightening monetary conditions, investor caution, and potential rise in borrowing costs.
• Headline: Govt Scraps Import Duty & AIDC on Cotton
  • Key data/policies: AIDC (introduced in 2021-22) removed on cotton imports in public interest.
  • Analysis: Likely to ease textile industry input costs, boost exports, and control domestic prices.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: Biodiversity Spatial Organization Study
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Study revealed biodiversity follows a "core-to-transition" model—dense endemic hotspots at core, generalist species at transition zones.
  • Why it matters: Provides insights for conservation strategies and managing fragile ecosystems.
• Topic: TDB Supports Indigenous AI-Powered Blood Testing Device
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Technology Development Board (TDB) backs an indigenous AI healthcare device for affordable diagnostics.
  • Why it matters: Strengthens healthcare accessibility and promotes Make-in-India innovation.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) April–June 2025 & July 2025
  • Launched by: NSO under MoSPI
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Provides indicators on employment, unemployment, LFPR, WPR, and worker distribution for rural & urban areas.

🔍 Miscellaneous

• Topic Headline: FASTag Annual Pass Facility Launched
  • Summary: MoRTH introduced Annual Pass for ₹3,000/year (200 toll crossings) to reduce frequent recharges. Managed by NPCI & NHAI.
  • Significance: Enhances digital toll payment convenience and reduces congestion.
• Topic Headline: Modern Tech for Water Management Highlighted by MoS Jal Shakti
  • Summary: AI, IoT sensors, GIS, drones, blockchain, and micro-irrigation are being deployed for water conservation.
  • Significance: Boosts efficiency in water use, aids groundwater management, and ensures sustainable resources.

20^th August 2025

Day: Wednesday

📌 National News

• Headline: Ministry of Tribal Affairs launches Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan
  • Summary: A governance reform campaign to empower tribal communities, promote responsive governance, and build a network of 20 lakh change leaders across 1 lakh villages. Key components include Adi Sewa Kendra, Governance Lab Workshops, Tribal Village Action Plans, and volunteer roles like Adi Sahyogi & Adi Saathi.
  • Significance/Impact: Strengthens tribal leadership, aligns development with Viksit Bharat 2047, supports existing schemes like Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan and PM-JANMAN, and ensures people-centric governance.
• Headline: Election Commission notifies schedule for Vice-Presidential Election 2025
  • Summary: The Vice-President is elected by members of both Houses of Parliament through proportional representation and secret ballot. Eligibility includes being 35+, Indian citizen, and Rajya Sabha qualification.
  • Significance/Impact: Ensures smooth constitutional functioning; maintains the office of India’s second-highest constitutional position as per Articles 66–68.

🌐 International News

• Headline: Chinese Foreign Minister co-chairs 24th Special Representatives’ Dialogue with India
  • Summary: Both sides agreed on border management mechanisms, restarting bilateral dialogues, resuming flights, expanding Kailash Mansarovar Yatra, cooperation on trans-border rivers, and reopening border trade routes.
  • Implications for India or the world: Signals thaw in India-China relations after tensions on LAC, marking 75 years of diplomatic ties. It could stabilize border issues, boost trade, and improve people-to-people ties.
• Headline: Canada faces its second-worst wildfire season on record
  • Summary: The fires highlight Canada’s vast geography, biodiversity, and vulnerability to climate change, affecting boreal forests, freshwater reserves, and Great Lakes region.
  • Implications for India or the world: Raises global concerns about climate change, environmental cooperation, and the need for disaster preparedness.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: Standing Committee on Finance calls for even industrial distribution across states
  • Key data/policies: Gujarat, Uttarakhand, Himachal lead in industrialization; Bihar and North-Eastern states lag. Challenges include geography, infrastructure gaps, and historical imbalances.
  • Analysis: Balanced growth needs Centre–State cooperation, infrastructure development, skill training, and deregulation to reduce disparities and boost nationwide growth.
• Headline: CBIC exempts customs duties on raw cotton imports
  • Key data/policies: CBIC (HQ: New Delhi) oversees customs, excise, GST, and anti-smuggling measures.
  • Analysis: Duty-free raw cotton imports aim to support textile industries, reduce input costs, and boost competitiveness in global trade.
• Headline: Indian Oil signs MoU with Air India for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
  • Key data/policies: SAF blending mandated at 1% from 2027; derived from feedstocks like corn, algae, oils, residues.
  • Analysis: A big step toward greener aviation, reducing carbon emissions, and aligning India with global climate goals.
• Headline: Private sector achieves record 22.56% share in defence production (FY 2024–25)
  • Key data/policies: DPSUs still dominate with 57.5%. Govt schemes like iDEX, DTIS, ADITI, and Make in India encourage private players.
  • Analysis: Growing private participation will strengthen self-reliance, innovation, and export potential in defence.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: NABL launches new Medical Application Portal
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Under QCI, the portal aims at standardizing testing and calibration in medical services.
  • Why it matters: Enhances healthcare quality, improves patient safety, and ensures compliance with global medical standards.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name: Parliamentary Consultative Committee (PCC) of Ministry of Ayush (First Meeting)
  • Launched by: Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Create awareness among MPs about govt functioning, enable informal consultation on policies, and enhance participation in policy-making.

🎓 Appointments & Resignations

• Name: Additional Judges appointed to Punjab & Haryana High Court
  • Position: Additional Judge (Tenure: up to 2 years, max age 62)
  • Organization: High Court of Punjab & Haryana, appointed by President under Article 224(1).

🔍 Miscellaneous

• Topic Headline: Palmyra trees reduce lightning deaths and feed elephants
  • Summary: Native to Africa, Palmyra is Tamil Nadu’s state tree, useful for housing, medicine, food, and shade.
  • Significance: Boosts biodiversity, supports elephant conservation, and promotes sustainable rural livelihoods.
• Topic Headline: ICSSR issues notice to CSDS over poll data manipulation
  • Summary: ICSSR (under Ministry of Education) oversees social science research and raised concerns about Maharashtra election data misuse.
  • Significance: Ensures credibility in academic research and safeguards democratic processes

21^st August 2025

Day: Thursday

📌 National News

• Headline: Parliamentary Committee reviews civil aviation safety
  • Summary: Report highlights DGCA’s 50% staff shortage, ATCO fatigue, unresolved safety issues, and weak enforcement. Recommendations include granting DGCA autonomy, fatigue risk management, and stronger MRO sector support.
  • Significance/Impact: Enhances air safety, regulatory efficiency, and addresses systemic risks in India’s growing aviation sector.
• Headline: Parliamentary Committee backs reservations in private higher educational institutions (HEIs)
  • Summary: Recommends implementing Article 15(5) with 27% OBC, 15% SC, and 7.5% ST reservations in private HEIs; fees to be subsidized by government.
  • Significance/Impact: Expands access for marginalized groups, supports NEP’s 50% GER target, and ensures equity in higher education.
• Headline: Bills for ministerial removal on criminal charges introduced
  • Summary: Government introduced 130th Constitutional Amendment Bill, Union Territories Amendment Bill, and J&K Reorganisation Amendment Bill to remove ministers under custody for 30+ days.
  • Significance/Impact: Strengthens constitutional morality, ensures accountability, and prevents misuse of office by charged ministers.
• Headline: Uttarakhand passes Minority Education Bill 2025
  • Summary: Abolishes Madrasa Board and establishes Minority Education Authority to oversee minority education.
  • Significance/Impact: Aims to modernize minority education while upholding constitutional rights under Articles 29–30.

🌐 International News

• Headline: PM of India visits Cyprus after 23 years
  • Summary: Visit seeks to strengthen bilateral relations with Cyprus, focusing on economic and diplomatic ties.
  • Implications: Reinforces India’s engagement with Mediterranean partners and supports its global outreach strategy.
• Headline: India & Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) sign Terms of Reference for trade deal
  • Summary: Marks start of FTA talks with EAEU (Russia-led bloc) to expand trade (USD 69 bn turnover in 2024), energy cooperation, and MSME benefits.
  • Implications: Diversifies India’s trade partners, strengthens energy security, and boosts multialignment policy.
• Headline: India, Vietnam hold 6th High-Level Meeting on maritime cooperation
  • Summary: Focus on enhancing defence and maritime collaboration, amid shared concerns in the South China Sea.
  • Implications: Strengthens Indo-Pacific security cooperation and deepens India–Vietnam strategic partnership.

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: SEBI proposes easing Minimum Public Shareholding (MPS) norms
  • Key data/policies: Currently mandates 25% shares with public. Proposal to relax norms for new listed companies.
  • Analysis: Boosts corporate flexibility, encourages IPOs, while balancing transparency and investor protection.

🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: India test-fires Agni-5 IRBM with MIRV capability
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Nuclear-capable surface-to-surface missile, 5000+ km range, 3-stage solid fuel, DRDO-developed under IGMDP.
  • Why it matters: Places India among select nations with MIRV tech, strengthening deterrence and strategic security.
• Topic: Giant Solar Tornado observed
  • Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Plasma tornado, 130,000 km high, rotating at 200,000 km/hr, 250,000°C, visible at Sun’s poles.
  • Why it matters: Helps understand solar wind and space weather impacts on Earth.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name: Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Bill, 2025
  • Launched by: Union Government (Lok Sabha passed)
  • Key objectives and beneficiaries: Prohibits money games, regulates e-sports & social games, establishes Online Gaming Authority, ensures safe digital ecosystem.

🎓 Appointments & Resignations

• Name: —
  • Position: —
  • Organization: —
  (No major appointments in this file)

🔍 Miscellaneous

• Topic Headline: Thattekad Bird Sanctuary records 9 new species
  • Summary: Kerala’s first bird sanctuary adds 9 species in faunal survey. Rich in Western Ghats biodiversity.
  • Significance: Enhances India’s ecological wealth and conservation value.
• Topic Headline: International Solar Alliance to set up Global Capability Centre in India
  • Summary: Aims to create “Solar Silicon Valley” to leverage talent, tech, and cost efficiency.
  • Significance: Strengthens India’s role as clean energy hub and boosts global renewable leadership.
• Topic Headline: Lipulekh Pass dispute resurfaces
  • Summary: India rejects Nepal’s objection to reopening India–China trade route. Nepal had earlier claimed Lipulekh, Kalapani, Limpiyadhura.
  • Significance: Reinforces India’s sovereignty, maintains vital pilgrimage/trade link (Kailash Mansarovar Yatra).
• Topic Headline: Coal gasification challenges flagged by NITI Aayog
  • Summary: High-ash Indian coal unsuitable for many global technologies; needs indigenous solutions.
  • Significance: Ensures energy security, reduces import dependence, and supports clean fuel transition.
• Topic Headline: Saltwater Crocodile population rises in Sundarbans
  • Summary: Largest reptile species, habitat in mangroves; now showing recovery.
  • Significance: Positive sign for conservation under IUCN (LC), Wildlife Protection Act (Schedule I).

22^nd August 2025

Day: Thursday

________________________________________

📌 National News

• Headline: Aadhaar-Based Authentication Framework Launched for Cooperative Banks
• Summary: The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) unveiled an Aadhaar-based authentication framework for cooperative banks after consultations with the Ministry of Cooperation, NABARD, and other stakeholders. This system aims to streamline customer verification, enhance digital banking access, and strengthen financial inclusion in rural and semi-urban areas.
• Significance/Impact: The framework will improve operational efficiency, reduce fraud, and accelerate digital banking adoption among underserved populations. It supports India’s broader financial inclusion goals and strengthens the cybersecurity posture of cooperative banks by enabling secure, real-time identity verification.

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🌐 International News

• Headline: India-Russia Deepen Strategic Ties Across Defence, Space, and Energy
• Summary: During the visit of India’s External Affairs Minister to Russia, both nations reaffirmed their strategic partnership, highlighting cooperation in defence (S-400 systems, BrahMos missiles), joint military exercises (INDRA), nuclear energy (Kudankulam plant), and space collaboration (Gaganyaan mission). Russia reiterated its support for India’s permanent membership in a reformed UN Security Council (UNSC).
• Implications for India or the world: The deepening bilateral relationship reinforces India’s multi-alignment foreign policy. It ensures continuity in defence procurement and technological cooperation amid global geopolitical shifts, while also strengthening global calls for UNSC reform.

________________________________________

💼 Economy & Business

• Headline: CCPA Imposes Penalty on Rapido for Misleading Advertisements
• Key data/policies: The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) took cognizance of Rapido’s advertisements that allegedly made false or exaggerated claims about ride availability, pricing, and service quality. A penalty was imposed under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
• Analysis: This action underscores the government’s growing focus on consumer rights in the digital economy. It sets a precedent for holding gig economy platforms accountable for deceptive marketing, promoting transparency and fair trade practices.

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🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: India’s Advancements in Space Technology and Policy
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: India continues rapid progress in space with landmark achievements like the cost-effective Mangalyaan mission and Chandrayaan-3’s soft landing near the lunar South Pole. Future missions include Gaganyaan (human spaceflight) and the Bharat Antariksh Station (Indian space station).
• Why it matters: These advancements position India as a leading space-faring nation. Indigenous capabilities reduce dependency on foreign technology and open avenues for commercial space ventures, scientific research, and international collaboration.

________________________________________

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports

• Name of scheme/policy/report: SMILE Scheme – 15-Day Entrepreneurship Development Programme
• Launched by: Government of India
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: The programme aims to empower transgender persons through self-employment and livelihood opportunities by providing skill development, mentorship, and entrepreneurial training. It promotes social inclusion and economic independence for the transgender community.

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🔍 12. Miscellaneous

Topic Headline – India’s Need for Comprehensive National Space Legislation

Summary: Despite significant advancements in space technology, India currently lacks a comprehensive national space law. The existing regulatory landscape follows a methodical, incremental approach, including the Indian Space Policy (2023), IN-SPACe Norms and Procedures (2024), and the Catalogue of Standards for the Space Industry (2023). However, these are policy-level frameworks, not statutory laws.

Significance: A dedicated space legislation is crucial to operationalize India’s international commitments, provide legal certainty for private sector participation, regulate space activities (including satellite launches and data usage), and govern liability and insurance. It will foster innovation, attract investment, and ensure India’s responsible participation in the global space economy.

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Topic Headline – Indo-Dutch Strategic Water Partnership (SWP)

Summary: The Union Government informed Rajya Sabha about the ongoing Strategic Partnership on Water (SWP) between India and the Netherlands, signed in 2022 between the Ministry of Jal Shakti and the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management. The partnership focuses on water safety, availability, and quality. An Indo-Dutch Centre of Excellence on Water has been established in collaboration with IIT Delhi.

Significance: Water security is a growing challenge due to climate change and urbanization. This partnership enables knowledge exchange, joint research, and technological innovation in sustainable water management. It supports India’s Jal Jeevan Mission and climate resilience goals while strengthening bilateral scientific and technical cooperation.

Topic Headline – Concerns and Recommendations on Digital Literacy in India

Summary: Key concerns include the spread of misinformation leading to social discord, radicalization, and fake news, along with risks to personal data privacy. There is no statutory mandate to compel foreign tech companies (like cloud, email, or VoIP providers) to disclose data stored outside India. Current rules apply grievance officers only to Significant Social Media Intermediaries (SSMIs), leaving others unregulated.

Significance: As India’s digital economy grows, ensuring ethical internet use and robust data protection is critical. A comprehensive legal framework is needed to empower authorities to access data for national security and law enforcement. Expanding grievance redressal mandates and promoting digital literacy can safeguard citizens, prevent cybercrime, and build trust in digital platforms.

Topic Headline – Sudarshan Chakra Mission and PM’s “Five New Normals”

Summary: The Sudarshan Chakra Mission, announced in 2025, aims to build a futuristic, indigenous national security shield by 2035. It aligns with the Prime Minister’s vision of “Five New Normals” — a transformed India marked by deep digital integration, self-reliance, and enhanced security.

Significance: The mission reflects a shift toward proactive, technology-driven national defence. It integrates cyber, space, and AI capabilities into a unified security architecture, ensuring preparedness against emerging hybrid threats. It symbolizes India’s ambition to achieve strategic autonomy and global leadership in security innovation.

Topic Headline – Big Cat Conservation Initiative: Global Coalition Launched

Summary: A multi-country, multi-agency coalition has been formed for the conservation of seven big cat species — Tiger, Lion, Leopard, Snow Leopard, Cheetah, Jaguar, and Puma. Headquartered in India, the coalition includes 12 member countries, including India.

Significance: As a biodiversity hotspot and home to several big cat species, India’s leadership in this initiative strengthens its role in global wildlife conservation. The coalition facilitates cross-border collaboration, data sharing, and coordinated anti-poaching efforts, crucial for protecting endangered species and maintaining ecological balance.

23^rd August 2025

Day: Friday

________________________________________

📌 National News

• Headline: PM Modi Declares August 23 as “National Space Day” to Celebrate Chandrayaan-3’s Historic Moon Landing
• Summary: Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced August 23 as “National Space Day” to commemorate India’s historic achievement of becoming the **fourth country to land on the Moon** and the **first to soft-land near the lunar South Pole** with Chandrayaan-3 on August 23, 2024. The inaugural National Space Day is being celebrated across the country with the theme: *“Touching Lives while Touching the Moon: India’s Space Saga.”* A series of events, exhibitions, and public outreach programs are being organized by ISRO, educational institutions, and government bodies to highlight India’s space milestones and inspire youth.
• Significance/Impact: The declaration institutionalizes India’s space achievements and fosters national pride. It aims to popularize science, encourage STEM education, and promote public engagement with space technology. By linking space exploration to societal benefits—such as disaster management, communication, and weather forecasting—the day emphasizes how space advancements improve everyday lives.

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• Headline: Fourth Edition of SEMICON India to be Inaugurated by PM Modi on September 2
• Summary: Prime Minister Narendra Modi will inaugurate the **fourth edition of SEMICON India 2025** on **September 2, 2025**, in Bengaluru. The event, organized by the India Electronics and Semiconductor Association (IESA) and SEMI, will showcase India’s growing capabilities in semiconductor design, manufacturing, and electronics systems. The summit will bring together global industry leaders, policymakers, and innovators to discuss investment opportunities under the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM).
• Significance/Impact: As India pushes for self-reliance in semiconductor technology, SEMICON India serves as a key platform to attract foreign and domestic investment, foster R&D collaborations, and accelerate the development of a robust domestic semiconductor ecosystem. The event underscores India’s ambition to become a global hub for chip manufacturing and reduce import dependence.

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• Headline: New Income Tax Law Ratified, Set to Take Effect from April 1, 2026
• Summary: The Union Government has formally ratified the new Income Tax Code, which will **replace the existing Income Tax Act, 1961**, effective **April 1, 2026**. The restructured law aims to simplify tax compliance, rationalize slabs, and digitize the entire taxation process. It incorporates recommendations from the Shome Panel and feedback from public consultations. The new regime will retain the existing concessional tax rates under Section 115BAC while integrating them into a unified structure.
• Significance/Impact: The overhaul is expected to make the tax system more transparent, taxpayer-friendly, and aligned with modern economic realities. It will reduce litigation, improve voluntary compliance, and support the government’s vision of a simplified, digital-first tax administration. A phased IT infrastructure upgrade is underway to ensure smooth implementation.

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• Headline: Donald Trump Announces Sergio Gor as Next US Ambassador to India (if elected)
• Summary: Former US President and Republican presidential candidate **Donald Trump** announced **Sergio Gor** as his intended nominee for **US Ambassador to India** in the event of his victory in the 2024 US elections. Gor, a former White House appointments secretary during Trump’s first term, is known for his administrative efficiency and conservative outlook. The announcement is symbolic at this stage, as the formal nomination can only be made after winning the November 2024 election.
• Significance/Impact: While not an official appointment, the announcement signals Trump’s intent to prioritize India in his foreign policy framework. Gor’s potential appointment could influence US-India relations, particularly in trade, defence, and technology cooperation, depending on the broader geopolitical approach of a second Trump administration.

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🌐 International News

• Headline: India Elected Chair of Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development (AIBD)
• Summary: India has been elected as the Chairman of the Executive Board of the Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development (AIBD) during its 23rd General Conference held in Thailand. India is a founding member of AIBD, and Prasar Bharati, the public service broadcaster, represents the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting in the organization.
• Implications for India or the world: This leadership role enhances India’s influence in shaping regional media policies and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. It provides a platform to promote Indian cultural content, public service broadcasting values, and digital broadcasting standards across member countries.

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🧪 Science & Technology

• Topic: ISRO’s Lunar Module Launch Vehicle (LMLV) – India’s Heaviest Rocket
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: ISRO is developing the **Lunar Module Launch Vehicle (LMLV)**, an advanced version of the Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV), set to be ready by **2035**. Standing as tall as a **40-storey building**, the three-stage rocket will use liquid propellants in its first two stages and cryogenic fuel in the third. It is designed to carry **80 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)** or **27 tonnes to the Moon**, enabling India’s first **human lunar mission by 2040**.
• Why it matters: The LMLV marks a giant leap in India’s space capabilities, enabling deep space missions, lunar bases, and interplanetary exploration. It supports India’s long-term vision of becoming a leading space power and participating in global space exploration initiatives.

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🏆 Awards & Honours

• Name of award: Chairmanship of AIBD Executive Board
• Recipient: India
• Reason for award: Recognized for its long-standing contribution to broadcasting development and its leadership role in promoting media cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.

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🏟️ Sports India

• Event: Dal Lake hosts first-ever Khelo India Water Games
• Winner(s)/Record(s): The event, held in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, features youth athletes competing in rowing, kayaking, and canoeing. It aims to promote water sports in India and identify talent from hilly and water-rich regions.

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🏟️ Sports International

• Event: Magnitude 7.5 Earthquake Strikes Drake Passage near Argentina and Chile
• Winner(s)/Record(s): Not applicable
• Country: Region near Argentina and Chile

> **Note:** A powerful **magnitude 7.5 earthquake** hit the **Drake Passage**, the body of water between South America and Antarctica. No tsunami warning was issued, but the event highlights seismic activity in a remote but strategically important maritime zone.

________________________________________

📚 Important Days & Events

• Date: 23-08-2025
• Day/Event: **National Space Day (India’s First)**
• Additional Information: Declared by PM Modi to commemorate the **first anniversary of Chandrayaan-3’s successful soft landing on the Moon (August 23, 2024)**. Celebrated nationwide with the theme *“Touching Lives while Touching the Moon: India’s Space Saga.”* Events include school competitions, ISRO open houses, public lectures, and exhibitions on space technology and its societal benefits.

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🔍 Miscellaneous

Topic Headline – Sundarbans Tiger Reserve Becomes India’s Second-Largest

Summary: The **National Board for Wildlife (NBWL)**, chaired by the Union Environment Minister, approved the expansion of the **Sundarbans Tiger Reserve (STR)** in West Bengal. The reserve now ranks as the **second-largest tiger reserve in India**, surpassed only by Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam in Andhra Pradesh. The expansion was carried out under Section 38V of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, based on a proposal from the West Bengal government and due diligence by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA).

Significance: The expansion strengthens conservation efforts for the **Royal Bengal Tiger** and its mangrove ecosystem. It enhances habitat connectivity, reduces human-wildlife conflict, and boosts India’s global standing in biodiversity protection. The Sundarbans, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and part of the Biosphere Reserve, plays a critical role in climate resilience and coastal protection.

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Topic Headline – Maharashtra Signs Deal with IIT Madras Startup for Hyperloop Project

Summary: The **Maharashtra government** has signed a pact with **TuTr Hyperloop Pvt Ltd**, a startup incubated at **IIT Madras**, to develop a **hyperloop transportation system** in the state. The project aims to revolutionize high-speed transit between major cities using vacuum-sealed tubes and magnetic levitation technology.

Significance: This marks a major step toward next-generation infrastructure in India. If successful, the hyperloop could drastically reduce travel time (e.g., Mumbai-Pune in under 25 minutes), boost economic integration, and position India as a leader in futuristic transport. It also highlights the growing role of academic institutions and startups in national innovation.

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Topic Headline – Supreme Court Issues Modified Directions to Control Stray Dog Menace

Summary: The **Supreme Court** has issued modified guidelines to manage the growing threat of **aggressive and rabid stray dogs** in urban areas. While upholding animal rights under Article 51A(g), the Court emphasized public safety, acknowledging that **India accounts for 36% of global rabies deaths**, mostly from dog bites. The new directions balance **Animal Birth Control (ABC) Rules, 2023** with stricter monitoring of nuisance-causing dogs.

Significance: The ruling seeks a humane yet effective solution to a rising public health crisis. It empowers municipalities (under Article 243W) to implement sterilization and vaccination programs while allowing local authorities to take action against dangerous animals. The decision reflects the judiciary’s role in balancing constitutional duties toward animals and citizens' right to safety.

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Topic Headline – J&K Government Fires Two Employees Over Alleged Terror Links

Summary: The **Jammu and Kashmir administration** dismissed two government employees under **Article 311(2)(c)** of the Constitution for alleged links with terrorist activities. The provision allows removal without inquiry if it is deemed against national interest.

Significance: The action underscores the strict vigilance maintained in sensitive regions to prevent infiltration of radical elements into state machinery. It reaffirms the principle that public employment is conditional on loyalty and integrity, especially in areas affected by security challenges.

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Topic Headline – GNIP: Great Nicobar Island Project Raises Environmental and Tribal Concerns

Summary: The **Great Nicobar Island Project (GNIP)** is a mega-infrastructure initiative to develop a **transhipment port, international airport, township, and 450 MVA power plant** at the southern tip of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Implemented by **ANIIDCO**, it aims to boost strategic and economic presence in the Indian Ocean. However, the **tribal council** has raised concerns over unresolved **forest rights of Shompen and Nicobarese tribes**. The region is seismically active and ecologically fragile.

Significance: While the project enhances India’s maritime strategy and connectivity, it poses serious risks to indigenous communities and biodiversity. A balance must be struck between development and environmental/tribal rights, requiring transparent consultations and robust impact assessments.

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Topic Headline – RBI Review of Flexible Inflation Targeting (FIT) Framework

Summary: The **Reserve Bank of India (RBI)** has released a discussion paper reviewing its **Flexible Inflation Targeting (FIT)** framework, established in 2016 under the amended RBI Act. The FIT mandates price stability (inflation target: 4% ±2%) while considering growth. The review covers the period 2016–2025, noting initial success, followed by breaches due to global shocks (pandemic, Ukraine war), later corrected by supply-side measures and monetary tightening.

Significance: The review is critical for shaping future monetary policy. It assesses whether the current framework remains effective amid evolving global and domestic challenges, potentially leading to refinements in inflation targeting, communication strategy, and coordination with fiscal policy.

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Topic Headline – Druzhba Pipeline Suspended After Ukrainian Attack

Summary: The **Druzhba (Friendship) pipeline**, one of the world’s largest crude oil networks (5,500 km), has been suspended after a Ukrainian attack disrupted Russian oil flows to **Hungary and Slovakia**. The pipeline originates in Russia, passes through Belarus and Ukraine, and supplies Central European nations.

Significance: The incident highlights the vulnerability of energy infrastructure in conflict zones and the ongoing energy security challenges in Europe post-Russia-Ukraine war. It may force affected countries to seek alternative suppliers, impacting global oil markets and energy diplomacy.

24^th August 2025

Day: Sunday

📌 National News
• Headline: ISRO successfully completes first Integrated Air Drop Test for Gaganyaan Mission
• Summary: ISRO, in collaboration with IAF, DRDO, Indian Navy, and Coast Guard, conducted the first Integrated Air Drop Test (IADT-01). It validated the parachute-based deceleration system crucial for astronaut re-entry safety.
• Significance/Impact: Marks a major milestone for India’s human spaceflight program, making India closer to becoming the 4th country to launch crewed spacecraft.

🌐 International News
• Headline: Ukrainian drone attack sparks fire at Kursk Nuclear Power Plant, Russia
• Summary: A Ukrainian drone strike briefly ignited a fire at Russia’s Kursk nuclear facility. The region is historically significant due to the 1943 Battle of Kursk and is rich in iron ore reserves.
• Implications: Highlights increasing risks of nuclear infrastructure being targeted during ongoing conflicts, raising global safety concerns.

• Headline: Nepal joins International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA)
  • Summary: Nepal became the 13th member of IBCA, an India-led initiative for the global conservation of seven big cat species.
  • Implications: Strengthens India’s leadership in wildlife conservation and enhances regional cooperation on biodiversity.
• Headline: Hawaii’s Mount Kilauea volcano erupts again
  • Summary: The eruption in Halemaumau Crater involved episodic lava fountains and emission of gases including SO₂ and CO₂.
  • Implications: Impacts air quality, local ecology, and tourism in the Pacific region.

💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: India must transition to a Product Nation
• Key data/policies: Report highlights India’s dependence on services and calls for a shift to IP-driven product innovation. PLI schemes, National Quantum Mission, and IndiaAI Mission are part of initiatives.
• Analysis: Moving to a product-based economy will increase India’s strategic leverage, economic resilience, and participation in global supply chains.

🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: James Webb Space Telescope discovers Uranus’ 29th moon
• Innovation: Temporarily named S/2025 U1, the moon was detected using advanced infrared imaging.
• Why it matters: Expands knowledge of Uranus’ planetary system and deepens understanding of celestial evolution.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name: Parliamentary Committee Report on Rashtriya Gokul Mission
• Launched by: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying
• Key objectives: Improve indigenous cattle & buffalo breeds, address low productivity, and ensure genomic selection for breed improvement.

🔍 Miscellaneous
• Topic: Consumer Forums’ power upheld by Supreme Court
• Summary: SC ruled that consumer forums can enforce all their orders, not just interim ones, treating them like civil court decrees.
• Significance: Strengthens consumer rights and enhances judicial efficiency under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.

📚 Important Days & Events
• Date: August 1925 (Commemoration in 2025)
• Event: 100 years since Vitthalbhai Patel became first elected Indian President of the Central Legislative Assembly.
• Additional Info: He co-founded the Swaraj Party and was elder brother of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

25^th August 2025

Day: Monday

📌 National News
• Headline: Supreme Court mandates replenishment study for Sand Mining clearance
• Summary: The Court upheld NGT’s decision that replenishment data must accompany District Survey Reports before granting mining approval.
• Significance/Impact: Ensures sustainable sand mining, prevents riverbed erosion, aquifer depletion, and biodiversity loss.

💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: Standing Committee highlights India’s low cattle and buffalo productivity
• Key data: Indigenous cattle productivity at 3.54 kg/day vs exotic breeds at 8.52 kg/day; buffalo productivity at 5.92 kg/day.
• Analysis: Calls for revising breed criteria, expanding AI coverage, and accountability in semen production.

🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: DRDO successfully tests Integrated Air Defence Weapon System (IADWS)
• Innovation: A multi-layered system with QRSAMs, VSHORADS, and Directed Energy Weapons to counter aircraft, UAVs, and missiles.
• Why it matters: Strengthens India’s air defence and boosts indigenous defence technology.

🔍 Miscellaneous
• Topic: Free Movement Regime (India–Myanmar border) replaced
• Summary: Assam Rifles mapped 42,000 Myanmar nationals under FMR; new pass system introduced allowing 7-day, 10 km travel with stricter checks.
• Significance: Enhances border security while regulating cross-border movement.

• Topic: Invasive species cost global economy $2.2 trillion
  • Summary: Study found plants as most damaging invasive species, followed by arthropods and mammals.
  • Significance: Calls for strict prevention, biological control, and restoration measures to protect ecosystems.
• Topic: Crop residue burning threatens biodiversity
  • Summary: Study shows residue burning disrupts arthropod & bird ecology, reducing natural pest predators.
  • Significance: Reinforces urgency of adopting eco-friendly residue management.
• Topic: India deploys AI-enabled X-Guard Fibre-Optic Towed Decoy system
  • Summary: Rafael-developed system used in Operation Sindoor to counter advanced radar threats.
  • Significance: Enhances survivability of fighter aircraft, advancing electronic warfare capabilities.

26^th August 2025

Day: Tuesday

📌 National News
• Headline: Surge in Female Workforce Participation
• Summary: Women’s employment rate rose from 22% (2017-18) to 40.3% (2023-24). Rural female employment grew 96% and urban by 43%. Female self-employment rose by 30%. Nearly 50% of DPIIT-registered startups have at least one woman director. Women received 68% of MUDRA loans and form 44% of PM SVANidhi beneficiaries.
• Significance/Impact: Demonstrates a paradigm shift from “women’s development” to “women-led development,” crucial for achieving Viksit Bharat 2047.

• Headline: Tribal Ministry Seeks Separate Census for PVTGs
  • Summary: The Registrar General may independently enumerate Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in the 2027 Census. PVTGs are among the most marginalized communities, with 75 identified groups across 18 states and A&N Islands.
  • Significance/Impact: Enables accurate data collection for targeted programmes like PM-JANMAN, addressing socio-economic gaps of 45.56 lakh PVTGs.
• Headline: Gram Sabhas Empowered to Prepare Community Forest Resource (CFR) Plans
  • Summary: Ministry of Tribal Affairs clarified that Gram Sabhas have sole authority to formulate CFR management plans under FRA, 2006. This nullifies Chhattisgarh’s attempt to centralize authority.
  • Significance/Impact: Strengthens community-led forest governance and livelihoods, aligning with FRA’s vision of environmental justice.

🌐 International News
• Headline: Trump’s Intel Deal – U.S. Embraces State-Led Capitalism
• Summary: U.S. acquires a 10% stake in Intel, signaling a shift from free-market capitalism to a state-led model. The stake is passive and non-voting.
• Implications for India or the world: Reflects growing global trend of state involvement in strategic industries, impacting global tech competition and supply chains.

• Headline: India–Fiji Defence & Maritime Cooperation
  • Summary: India and Fiji to strengthen defence ties, focusing on maritime security in the South Pacific. Fiji comprises 330 islands, with Suva as its capital.
  • Implications: Enhances India’s Indo-Pacific strategy and presence in the South Pacific, countering China’s influence.
• Headline: India Warns Pakistan of Flood Risk in Tawi River
  • Summary: India alerted Pakistan about possible floods via diplomatic channels as a humanitarian gesture, bypassing the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), currently in abeyance.
  • Implications: Humanitarian outreach despite strained bilateral ties; underscores need for water diplomacy in South Asia.

💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: Rare Earth Magnet Shortage Hits Automakers
• Key data/policies: Automakers are reducing features due to shortage of rare earth magnets like Neodymium and Samarium-Cobalt.
• Analysis: Highlights global dependence on rare earths, crucial for clean energy, healthcare, and electronics. May spur India to accelerate its rare earth exploration.

🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Antibody Function
• Innovation/Discovery: New research shows IgM antibodies act as mechanical stabilisers of harmful proteins, beyond their immune role.
• Why it matters: Provides new insights into immune system functions, aiding therapeutic and vaccine development.

🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name: Collaboration with World Food Programme (WFP)
• Launched by: Government of India and WFP
• Key objectives/beneficiaries: To address global hunger crisis; WFP provides food aid and supports resilience in over 120 countries, including India.

• Name: National Guidelines for Animal Blood Transfusion & Blood Banks
  • Launched by: Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying (DAHD)
  • Key objectives/beneficiaries: Ensures safe, ethical transfusion practices; establishes veterinary blood bank network; integrates One Health principles.

🔍 Miscellaneous
• Topic Headline: Snow Leopards Face Habitat Threat
• Summary: Study in J&K shows common leopards encroaching snow leopard habitats due to climate change. Snow leopard is state animal of Ladakh & Himachal Pradesh.
• Significance: Highlights climate-driven ecological shifts; urgent need for adaptive conservation strategies.

27^th August 2025

Day: Wednesday

📌 National News
• Headline: RBI affirms success of Flexible Inflation Targeting (FIT) Framework
• Summary: RBI highlighted FIT’s success in stabilizing inflation (~4%) since 2016, despite crises like COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine war. Current target: 4% ±2%.
• Significance/Impact: Improves monetary policy credibility and flexibility but needs updated CPI base and better handling of food-energy shocks.

• Headline: Tribal Ministry proposes separate census for PVTGs in 2027
• Summary: MoTA urged RGI to enumerate PVTGs separately in 2027 Census to address past undercounting.
• Significance/Impact: Ensures accurate data for schemes like PM-JANMAN benefiting 75 PVTGs (population ~45.56 lakh).

• Headline: Gram Sabhas empowered to frame Community Forest Resource (CFR) management plans
• Summary: MoTA clarified Gram Sabhas, not forest departments, hold exclusive authority under FRA 2006.
• Significance/Impact: Strengthens community-led forest governance and livelihoods.

• Headline: Andhra Pradesh launches ₹1 crore insurance scheme for municipal workers
• Summary: CM N. Chandrababu Naidu announced ₹1 crore cover for municipal workers, ₹20 lakh for outsourced staff, plus education assistance.
• Significance/Impact: Secures civic workers’ families, reflecting human-centric governance.

• Headline: PM Modi inaugurates projects worth ₹5,400 crore in Gujarat
• Summary: Projects include railways, power distribution, urban infrastructure, and a data centre.
• Significance/Impact: Enhances Gujarat’s growth, benefits 6 lakh families via Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana.

• Headline: India issues first-ever national veterinary blood transfusion guidelines
• Summary: Standardizes animal blood donation, typing, and transfusion.
• Significance/Impact: Improves animal healthcare and biosafety; supports agrarian economy.

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🌐 International News
• Headline: Nepal joins India-led International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA)
• Summary: Nepal signed IBCA framework to conserve seven big cat species.
• Implications: Strengthens India’s conservation leadership; Nepal contributes tiger recovery expertise.

• Headline: Fijian PM Rabuka’s visit strengthens India–Fiji ties
• Summary: MoUs signed on healthcare, defence, medicines, digital skilling, and migration.
• Implications: Deepens India’s Pacific outreach under “Veilomani Dosti.”

• Headline: India–World Food Programme (WFP) partnership on fortified rice
• Summary: India to supply fortified rice for humanitarian relief globally.
• Implications: Reinforces India as global food security contributor despite domestic hunger challenges.

• Headline: India–Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) FTA negotiations begin
• Summary: India signed ToR with EAEU (Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan).
• Implications: Opens access to $6.5 tn market, energy security, INSTC routes; risks include trade deficits, cheap imports, geopolitical sensitivities.

• Headline: India–US 2+2 Intersessional Dialogue held
• Summary: Focused on new 10-year defense framework, energy/trade cooperation, Quad commitments.
• Implications: Strengthens Indo-Pacific strategy and defense production.

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💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: PhonePe launches affordable home insurance
• Key data/policies: Premiums from ₹181/year, coverage up to ₹12.5 crore, 100% digital.
• Analysis: Increases insurance penetration; accessible and low-cost.

• Headline: Finance Ministry allows one-time switch from UPS to NPS
• Key data/policies: One-way switch option; UPS offers assured payouts, NPS market-linked.
• Analysis: Adds flexibility but reduces guaranteed retirement security.

• Headline: Fitch reaffirms India’s sovereign rating at ‘BBB-’ (Stable)
• Key data/policies: Growth forecast 6.5% FY26; GST reforms proposed.
• Analysis: Confidence in India’s fundamentals despite tariff risks.

• Headline: GeM crosses ₹15 lakh crore GMV
• Key data/policies: Procurement platform supports MSEs, SHGs, women-led businesses.
• Analysis: Enhances transparency, efficiency, Atmanirbhar Bharat vision.

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🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: India hosts 3GPP RAN meetings in Bengaluru
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Discussing 6G standardization (Release 20) and 5G Advanced specs (Release 19).
• Why it matters: Positions India as global telecom standards hub.

• Topic: Cybersecurity framework for India
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: PSC on Home Affairs flagged 1.91 mn cybercrime complaints (2024); called for AI-based detection, Zero-Trust architecture, and Make in India tools.
• Why it matters: Strengthens defenses against ransomware, data breaches, and AI-driven misinformation.

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🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name of scheme: PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana
• Launched by: Government of India
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Free solar power; saved ₹3,000 crore for 6 lakh Gujarat families.

• Name of programme: PM-JANMAN
• Launched by: Ministry of Tribal Affairs
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Targeted socio-economic upliftment of PVTGs in 200+ districts.

• Name of report: Climate Change & Workplace Heat Stress Report
• Launched by: WHO & WMO
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Warns 2.4 bn workers at risk; recommends occupational heat-health policies and local adaptation strategies.

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🎓 Appointments & Resignations
• Name: Rajiv Ranjan – Vice President & Chief Risk Officer, New Development Bank
• Name: Rajiv Anand – MD & CEO, IndusInd Bank
• Name: Anish Dayal Singh – Deputy NSA, India
• Name: Multiple IAS/IPS officers – Secretaries & Addl. Secretaries across Defence, Finance, Education, WCD, Culture, etc.

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📊 Rankings & Indexes
• Index: IMD Smart City Index 2025
• India’s rank: Delhi – 104; Mumbai – 106; Hyderabad – 109; Bengaluru – 110
• Top rank: Zurich, Switzerland
• Released by: IMD

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🔍 Miscellaneous
• Topic Headline: Supreme Court clarifies scope of free speech under Article 19(1)(a)
• Summary: Ruled commercial & prohibited speech not protected; directed govt to regulate online content.
• Significance: Enhances influencer accountability, balances free speech with social responsibility.

• Topic Headline: INS Kadmatt completes port visit in Indonesia
• Summary: Anti-submarine corvette engaged in naval and cultural exchanges in Surabaya.
• Significance: Strengthens India–Indonesia maritime cooperation under “Partnership Across Seas.”

• Topic Headline: India–Japan hold Ministerial Energy Dialogue
• Summary: Focused on clean hydrogen, CCUS, renewables, and resilient Indo-Pacific energy systems.
• Significance: Strengthens bilateral climate & energy partnership.

• Topic Headline: IREDA signs MoU with MNRE for FY 2025–26
• Summary: Revenue target ₹8,200 crore set; includes performance benchmarks.
• Significance: Strengthens renewable financing, supports India’s green transition.

28th August 2025

Day: Thursday

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📌 National News
• Headline: Union Cabinet approves India’s bid to host Commonwealth Games 2030
• Summary: The Cabinet approved the submission of a bid to host CWG 2030 in Ahmedabad, with Narendra Modi Stadium as the main venue. The Host Collaboration Agreement and guarantees will be signed if the bid succeeds.
• Significance/Impact: Would boost tourism, jobs, sports infrastructure, and national pride, showcasing India’s capacity to host mega sporting events.

• Headline: Cabinet extends PM SVANidhi scheme till 2030
• Summary: Restructuring approved with total outlay of ₹7,332 crore; expanded coverage; loan tranches enhanced to ₹15,000, ₹25,000, and ₹50,000; UPI-linked RuPay cards, cashback incentives, and digital literacy included.
• Significance/Impact: Aims to benefit 1.15 crore street vendors, supporting financial inclusion, entrepreneurship, and urban livelihood resilience.

• Headline: NHAI launches ‘Project Aarohan’ for toll plaza employees’ children
• Summary: Provides scholarships—₹12,000 annually for 500 students and ₹50,000 for 50 bright PG aspirants. First phase fund allocation: ₹1 crore.
• Significance/Impact: Reduces socio-economic barriers and empowers children of toll plaza workers from weaker sections.

• Headline: PM Modi inaugurates Green Mobility Initiatives in Gujarat
• Summary: Launched Suzuki’s global BEV “e-Vitara,” hybrid ambulance, and electrode production facility under PM E-DRIVE scheme. Announced National Critical Mineral Mission and upcoming semiconductor plants.
• Significance/Impact: Strengthens Make in India, boosts EV & clean energy manufacturing, and enhances India–Japan partnership.

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🌐 International News
• Headline: India–Fiji sign agreements during PM Rabuka’s visit
• Summary: Agreements include defence cooperation, hospital construction, Jan Aushadhi programme, telemedicine, cultural ties, and UNSC support.
• Implications for India or the world: Reinforces Act East Policy and Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative; counters China’s influence in Pacific Islands.

• Headline: INS Tamal visits Souda Bay, Greece
• Summary: Port call included engagements with Hellenic Navy, NATO officials, and joint PASSEX exercise.
• Implications: Strengthens India–Greece defence ties and maritime diplomacy in Mediterranean.

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💼 Economy & Business
• Headline: SEBI proposes reforms to block deal framework
• Key data/policies: Raise minimum order size to ₹25 cr (from ₹10 cr); widen price band for non-F&O stocks; same-day disclosures mandated.
• Analysis: Enhances transparency, curbs manipulation in large trades, and protects retail investors.

• Headline: Sundaram Home Finance launches ‘Anugraha’ brand for affordable housing
• Key data/policies: Affordable housing loans targeted at Tier II & III towns; part of Emerging Business segment.
• Analysis: Supports lower-middle-income families and deepens housing finance penetration.

• Headline: Income Tax Dept raises threshold for prosecution under Black Money Act
• Key data/policies: Raised from ₹5 lakh to ₹20 lakh for undisclosed foreign assets (excluding property). Effective Oct 2024.
• Analysis: Eases compliance for overseas employees with small assets while retaining penalties for serious violations.

• Headline: WestBridge Capital acquires 15% stake in Edelweiss Asset Management
• Key data/policies: Deal worth ₹450 cr; Edelweiss MF AUM ₹72,600 cr; subject to SEBI and CCI approval.
• Analysis: Expands WestBridge’s footprint in Indian mutual fund sector; boosts Edelweiss’s global connect.

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🧪 Science & Technology
• Topic: ISRO conducts Integrated Air Drop Test (IADT-1) for Gaganyaan Mission
• Innovation/Launch/Discovery: Tested parachute-based deceleration for crew module.
• Why it matters: Key step towards India’s first human spaceflight by 2027; enhances indigenous space capability.

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🎯 Government Schemes/Policies/Reports
• Name of scheme: PM VIKAS – Skill Training & Women Entrepreneurship Project
• Launched by: Ministry of Minority Affairs in partnership with ICAR-CMFRI
• Key objectives and beneficiaries: Provides stipends, training, and incubation to empower minority communities, especially women, in fisheries and related sectors.

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🎓 Appointments & Resignations
• Name: Teymur Abasguliyev
• Position: CEO
• Organization: Nayara Energy (effective Sept 2025)

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🏟️ Sports India
• Event: Mirabai Chanu wins gold at Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships 2025
• Winner(s)/Record(s): Lifted 193 kg (84 snatch + 109 clean & jerk); direct qualification for 2026 CWG.

• Event: Men’s Hockey Asia Cup 2025 Trophy unveiled
• Winner(s)/Record(s): Trophy unveiled by Union Sports Minister; tournament to be hosted in Rajgir, Bihar.

• Event: Ravichandran Ashwin retires from IPL
• Winner(s)/Record(s): Ends IPL career with 221 matches, 187 wickets; last played for CSK.

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🏟️ Sports International
• Event: FIDE World Cup 2025 to be hosted in Goa, India
• Winner(s)/Record(s): 206 players to compete for $2 million prize; qualifies 3 players for Candidates 2026.
• Country: India (host nation)

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🕯️ Obituaries
• Name: Lord Swraj Paul
• Field of work: Industrialist, philanthropist, UK-based Caparo Group Chairman
• Legacy: Founded Ambika Paul Foundation; Padma Bhushan awardee; member of UK House of Lords.

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📚 Important Days & Events
• Date: 28 August 2025
• Day/Event: Emphasis on Women’s Role in India’s Freedom Struggle (linked with 79th Independence Day celebrations).
• Additional Information: Recognised contributions of Rani Laxmibai, Sarojini Naidu, Aruna Asaf Ali, Kasturba Gandhi, Bhikaji Cama, and others.

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🔍 Miscellaneous
• Topic Headline: Indian Navy commissions INS Udaygiri & INS Himgiri (P17A frigates)
• Summary: Commissioned at Vizag by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh; first time two such ships inducted together.
• Significance: Boosts indigenisation (75% indigenous content), strengthens Eastern Fleet and Indian Ocean security.

• Topic Headline: Indian Army launches Exercise Samanvay Shakti 2025
• Summary: Conducted in Assam & Manipur with govt agencies, PSUs, and civil bodies to improve coordination.
• Significance: Enhances disaster management, regional stability, and military–civil cooperation.

• Topic Headline: Typhoon Kajiki hits China and Vietnam
• Summary: Category-2 equivalent storm on Saffir-Simpson scale caused heavy rains and damages.
• Significance: Highlights Asia’s vulnerability to extreme weather; underscores need for regional disaster preparedness.